The Evaluation of basic and neurohormonal parameters in hot or cold temperament person proposed in Iranian Traditional Medicine: an observational study

Abstract

Objective: Much of energy for life sustainment is consumed as the Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR). Temperament is one of the core concepts in Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM). The aim of this study is to assess the BMR and activity of the sympathetic-parasympathetic nervous system and thyroid function in hot and cold temperament people. Our study is a repeated cross-sectional study that was implemented in two stages of 45 healthy volunteers.
 Methods: BMR was evaluated by indirect calorimetry. Thyroid function, sympathetic-parasympathetic nervous system activity, body composition, and nutrition status were also evaluated. We used an independent T-test for data analysis by SPSS ver. 16.
 Results: Overall, 45 patients aged 18-40 participated in this study. Our results showed that the mean of BMRs were respectively 1664.09 kcals and 1909.48 kcals in cold and hot temperament individuals (P<0.3). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate peripheral temperature of individuals with hot temperament were significantly higher (P<0.05), While no statistically significant difference was seen in norepinephrine to epinephrine ratio, norepinephrine to cortisol ratio and core temperature. T3 and TSH levels were respectively 1.99 and 1.26 in cold temperament individuals and 1.38 and 1.40 in hot temperament individuals (P<0.05).
 Conclusion: It shows signs that there is a relationship between the BMR and neurohormonal system and body temperament meaning cold temperament people have lower BMR, sympathetic nervous system activity and thyroid function in comparison to others. Body health is negatively affected by BMR fluctuations. With regarding to this correspondence, the arrangement of a pattern for better BMR regulation is crucial.

A Review of Cold-Wet Mizaj and Phlegm Dominance Indices in Persian Medicine

“…Several studies have investigated the association between indices and Mizaj types. Although some findings are in line with PM theories, more studies are needed to prove these theories (19,(59)(60)(61)(62)(63).…”

“…The World Health Organization has set the expansion of complementary medicine as one of its important strategies to increase efficiency and reduce the costs of treatment (56)(57)(58). As one of the schools of complementary medicine, PM has dealt with individual differences via the concept of Mizaj to provide personalized lifestyle recommendations and treatments (15,18,19,26).…”

“…In this school, Persian scholars preserved the scientific recommendations of Greece and Rome and expanded upon them with their own experiences, making them comprehensive, improved, and expanded (16,17). According to PM, every individual has specific physical, physiological, and psychological characteristics, collectively referred to as Mizaj (15,(18)(19)(20). Considering that biological and behavioral differences largely depend on omics and gene expression, categorization patterns based on phenotype, as specified in traditional medicines including PM, can potentially be used as a practical clinical arm of personalized medicine (9,18,21,22).…”

The Effect of Metabolic Persian Diet on Ovulation Induction in Infertile Women

“…Recent research has also confrmed the idea that the hormonal, autonomic, immune, and digestive systems each respond diferently to hot and cold foods [25]. Moreover, according to PM, people are divided into two general groups of hot-and cold-tempered, whose immune and endocrine systems are signifcantly diferent and their diet should be adjusted based on their temperaments [27][28][29]. In modern medicine, there is a similar view called "personal medicine" and it pays attention to the wide individual diferences in the prevention and treatment of diseases [30].…”