The estimation of oxidative stress markers and apoptosis in right atrium auricles cardiomyocytes of patients undergoing surgical heart revascularisation with the use of warm blood cardioplegia.

Abstract

Abstract:Oxidative stress markers and apoptosis were estimated during elective surgical heart revascularization. Eight patients with good ejection fraction underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with the use of warm blood cardioplegia. Two right atrium auricle biopsy specimens were collected before and after the operation. Specimens underwent immunocytochemical analysis of mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) expression and apoptosis estimation by the TUNEL method. Ultrastructure analysis under electron microscope was made. Satisfactory results of the operation were obtained. After CABG the MnSOD expression increase in sections of auricles was observed through the increase of stain intensity and the percentage of cells with positive stain (from 30 to 80%). The apoptotic cells percentage remained at approximately the same level. Under the electron microscope insignificant pathological changes were observed. On this basis one may assume that in the case of cardiosurgical procedures with short aorta cross-clamping time and low operation risk level the application of cardioplegia sufficiently prevents reactive oxygen forms (ROF) cytotoxic activity although it does not inhibit the expression of oxidative stress (OS) markers. In our opinion the method of examining right atrium sections is safe and provides results comparable with other publications. It may also be a voice in the discussion on new methods of heart protection during cardiac surgery procedures.

Oxidant-Antioxidant Balance during On-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

“…Ferrari et al reported a significant and sustained increase in OS in 10 patients undergoing ONCABG with a mean XC duration of 55.2 minutes, while a mild and temporary increase in OS in 10 patients undergoing ONCABG with a mean XC duration of 25.2 minutes [ 17 ]. Nowicki et al also reported the absence of a significant oxidative damage in the myocardial biopsy specimens of 8 patients undergoing ONCABG with a mean XC duration of 29.5 minutes [ 18 ]. To our knowledge, this paper is the first in the literature which reported neither systemic oxidant increase nor systemic oxidative imbalance occurred in patients with a mean XC duration of 29 minutes (group 1) by evaluating TOS and OSI.…”

Cardiopulmonary Bypass and Oxidative Stress

“…Increased ROS production and, more specifically, increased superoxide anion production derived from the atrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase are independently associated with a higher risk of POAF supporting an association between ROS in human atrium and POAF [ 44 , 45 ]. Furthermore, atrial tissue from patients in whom POAF developed displayed an upregulation of mitochondrial MnSOD activity and an increased sensitivity of mPTP opening [ 45 , 46 ].…”

Custodiol HTK versus Plegisol: in-vitro comparison with the use of immature (H9C2) and mature (HCM) cardiomyocytes cultures

“…In our research significant increase in MnSOD expression was observed, but not specific correlation between the intensity of reaction, the percentage of stained cells, and incubation time were found, neither no difference between Custodiol and Plegisol were noted. Previously, we examined the expression of MnSOD in the right atrium appendage of the cardioplegicaly arrested heart during coronary revascularization [ 26 ]. As we observed, the MnSOD expression increased in sections of the right atrium appendage by the rise of stain intensity and the percentage of cells with positive stain.…”