The Estimation of Epinephrine and Norepinephrine in Human Plasma*

Goldfien, Alan; Zileli, S; Goodman, DeWitt S.; Thorn, George W.

doi:10.1210/jcem-21-3-281

Cited by 52 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Some additional weight is given to the validity of the present findings by the fact that in a series of 18 recent experiments with 2 partially amygdalectomized monkeys, a marked drop in plasma insulin levels was also consistently observed during 2-and 24-hr, avoidance sessions/ 17 The question of the mediating mechanism underlying the acute decrease in plasma insulin levels during avoidance is a most interesting one and bears upon the soundness of prevailing concepts of insulin regulation. It was shown many years ago that the isolated, denervated, or perfused pancreas still responds to elevated blood glucose levels by increasing its secretion of insulin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

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Plasma Insulin Response to 72-Hr. Avoidance Sessions in the Monkey

Mason

Wherry

Brady

et al. 1968

Psychosomatic Medicine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…The catecholamines were extracted from 2 to 4 ml. of plasma and eluted from alumina in the manner described by Goldfien et al 17 The combined acetic acid extracts were treated with 1 ml. freshly distilled ethylenediamine for 40 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Insulin Response to 72-Hr. Avoidance Sessions in the Monkey

Mason

Wherry

Brady

et al. 1968

Psychosomatic Medicine

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“…Some unconfirmed studies have suggested the blood and urine levels might be increased in hyperthyroidism and decreased in hypothyroidism (3,6). In contrast, Kuschke et al (5) reported that urinary norepinephrine was low in 8 of 20 cases of hyperthyroidism and high in 3 cases of hypothyroidism.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…T HERE IS disagreement in the literature concerning the effect of abnormal thyroid function on levels of the catecholamines and their metabolites in the blood and urine (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). Some unconfirmed studies have suggested the blood and urine levels might be increased in hyperthyroidism and decreased in hypothyroidism (3,6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Catecholamines in Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism

Stoffer

Jiang

Gorman

et al. 1973

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

137

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Plasma catecholamines, as determined by a new improved method, are increased in hypothyroidism and decreased in hyperthyroidism. In addition, plasma catecholamine values are inversely correlated with total thyroxine values in hyperthyroidism. (/ Clin Endocrinol Metab 36: 587, 1973) T HERE IS disagreement in the literature concerning the effect of abnormal thyroid function on levels of the catecholamines and their metabolites in the blood and urine (1-5). Some unconfirmed studies have suggested the blood and urine levels might be increased in hyperthyroidism and decreased in hypothyroidism (3,6). In contrast, Kuschke et al. (5) reported that urinary norepinephrine was low in 8 of 20 cases of hyperthyroidism and high in 3 cases of hypothyroidism. Wiswell et al. (7) reported slightly increased urinary norepinephrine in 20 hypothyroid patients. Levine et al. (8) reported that urinary norepinephrine and vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) appeared to be low in some cases of hyperthyroidism. Current popular thinking, a result of conflicting reports, is that abnormal thyroid function exerts little effect on the catecholamines and their metabolites in the blood and urine (1,7,(9)(10)(11).We recently began using a simple, reliable plasma catecholamine assay based on Renzini's two-column method for chromatographic purification. This assay is more sensitive and more specific than previous assays (12,23). On reviewing our initial clinical experience with this assay, we noted that several patients with hypothyroidism had increased plasma catecholamine values. Therefore, a prospective study was designed to evaluate plasma catecholamines in hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. The results indicate that plasma catecholamines are increased in hypothyroidism and decreased in hyperthyroidism. In addition, plasma catecholamine values are inversely correlated with total thyroxine values in hyperthyroidism. Materials and MethodsPatients with clinical hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism and abnormal total thyroxine levels were studied. Mean ( ± SD) total thyroxine levels were 1.1 ± 0.7 jxg/100 ml (range, 0.1-2.4) in hypothyroid patients and 15.7 ±: 2.3 ng/ml (range, 12.0-19.0) in hyperthyroid patients; in our laboratory, the normal range for total thyroxine is 4-11 |xg/100 ml. Normal plasma catecholamine values were obtained from healthy normotensive (diastolic pressure < 90 mm Hg) subjects as determined by history and physical examination. The total thyroxine assay has been described (13). The plasma catecholamine assay was performed according to the method of Renzini et al. (12) with slight modification. The details of the method will be published elsewhere (23). Briefly the method involves the purification of catecholamines by alumnia and Amberlite CG-50 (Na+ form) columns. The boric acid eluate from the Amberlite CG-50 column was used for fluorimetry. Epinephrine and norepinephrine were measured collectively. Norepinephrine was used as the standard. The molar extinction coefficient of epinephrine and norepinephrine are almost identica...

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“…The timed adrenal venous blood specimens were collected in iced heparinized tubes and centrifuged promptly; the plasma was then frozen. The norepinephrine and epinephrine content of the plasma samples was subsequently determined by the method of Goldfien et al (9). Output of these hormones was calculated by multiplying their concentrations by the adrenal venous plasma flow per min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Pancreatectomy on the Adrenal Medullary Response to Hypoglycemia in the Dog

1964

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The effect of hypoglycemia induced by the injection of glucagon-free insulin on adrenal medullary secretion was studied in 4 totally pancreatectomized dogs and in 3 sham-pancreatectomized controls. There was a clear-cut statistically significant increase in the output of catecholamines in the pancreatectomized animals, although the mean increase was less than it was in the shamoperated dogs. It is concluded that glucagon from the pancreas is not an obligatory mediator of the adrenal medullary response to hypoglycemia in the dog. (Endocrinology 74: 656, 1964) V ON EULER and his associates (1) andSarcione et al.(2) have suggested that the increase in adrenal medullary secretion produced by hypoglycemia may not be due to the depression in blood sugar per se. Because hypoglycemia is a stimulus for the release of glucagon (3) and glucagon stimulates the adrenal medulla by a direct action on medullary cells (2, 4-6), Sarcione et al. postulated that the adrenal medullary response to hypoglycemia was caused by the increase in circulating glucagon. To test this hypothesis, we determined the effect of pancreatectomy on the adrenal medullary response to hypoglycemia induced in dogs by the injection of glucagon-free insulin. Materials and MethodsSeven 10.2-18.2 kg male mongrel dogs which had been fasted for 48 hr were studied. Each was anesthetized with pentobarbital, and the pancreas was exposed through a right rectus incision. In 4 dogs the pancreas was removed, whereas in the remaining 3 it was left in place (shampancreatectomy controls). The wounds were then sutured, and in each dog the right lumboadrenal vein was cannulated through a flank incision by the method of Hume and Nelson (7). Cannulas were also placed in one femoral artery for collecting blood and monitoring blood pressure and in one femoral vein for administering blood and insulin.Arterial and adrenal venous blood collections were begun 1 hr or more after cannulation of the lumboadrenal vein and from 3 to 4^ hr after pancreatectomy or sham-pancreatectomy. Collections were made 15 and 5 min before and 15,

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The Estimation of Epinephrine and Norepinephrine in Human Plasma*

Cited by 52 publications

References 15 publications

Plasma Insulin Response to 72-Hr. Avoidance Sessions in the Monkey

Plasma Insulin Response to 72-Hr. Avoidance Sessions in the Monkey

Plasma Catecholamines in Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism

Effect of Pancreatectomy on the Adrenal Medullary Response to Hypoglycemia in the Dog

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