The ERH gene regulates migration and invasion in 5637 and T24 bladder cancer cells

Abstract

BackgroundThis study aimed to determine whether the enhancer of the rudimentary homolog (ERH) gene regulates cell migration and invasion in human bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC) T24 cells and the underlying mechanism.MethodsFirst, we knocked down ERH in BUC T24 and 5637 cells by shRNA and then used wound healing cell scratch migration assays, transwell cell migration assays, transwell cell invasion chamber experiments and nude mouse tail vein transfer assays to determine the migration and invasion ability after ERH was knocked down. Moreover, we used gene expression profiling chip analysis and further functional experiments to explore the possible mechanism through which ERH knockdown downregulated metastasis ability in T24 cells.ResultsWound healing cell scratch migration assays, transwell cell migration assays, transwell cell invasion chamber experiments and nude mouse tail vein transfer assays all showed that the metastasis ability was significantly inhibited in human BUC T24 and 5637 cells with ERH knockdown. A gene expression profiling chip analysis in T24 cells showed that the MYC gene may be an important downstream target of the ERH gene, and the functional experiments showed that MYC is a functional target of ERH in BUC T24 cells.ConclusionERH knockdown could inhibit the metastasis of BUC T24 cells in vitro and in vivo. This study further explored the mechanism of the ERH gene in the metastasis of the T24 human bladder cancer cell line and found that ERH may regulate MYC gene expression. The results of this research provide a basis for the clinical application of ERH as a potential target for BUC treatment.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5423-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Urine Lactoferrin as a Potential Biomarker Reflecting the Degree of Malignancy in Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder

“…The chemopreventive effect of LF has been shown in mutagen-induced rat bladder carcinogenesis (Masuda et al 2000). In the present study, the levels of LF mRNA were hardly detected in 5637 and T24 cells, both of which have invasive capacity (Pang et al 2019). We also observed that exogenous LF suppressed the proliferation of these two malignant urothelial cell lines.…”

“…To explain the low rate of LF immunostaining in UCB tissues, we measured the expression level of LF mRNA in malignant urothelial cell lines (5637 and T24) and two immortalized normal urothelial cell lines (SV-HUC-1 and MC-SV-HUC T-2) by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The relative expression levels of LF mRNA were virtually undetectable in 5637 and T24 cells, both of which have invasive capacity (Pang et al 2019), whereas they were detected in immortalized normal urothelial cells (Fig. 7).…”

“…Human malignant urothelial cell lines and immortalized human normal urothelial cell lines were used in this study. Two human urothelial cancer cell lines T24 and 5637, both of which have invasive capacity (Pang et al 2019), were purchased from RIKEN BioResource Center. The two immortalized human urothelial cell lines MC-SV-HUC T-2 and SV-HUC-1 were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA).…”

The Cells and Extracellular Matrix of Human Amniotic Membrane Hinder the Growth and Invasive Potential of Bladder Urothelial Cancer Cells

“…The T24 cell line (ATCC, HTB-4) is derived from a patient with a transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. This muscle-invasive cell line has been extensively used in bladder cancer research and several studies evaluated its invasiveness ( Gildea et al, 2000 ; Fujiyama et al, 2001 ; Karam et al, 2011 ; Hong et al, 2013 ; Ramakrishnan et al, 2018 ; Pang et al, 2019 ). For example, Hong et al (2013) and Pang et al (2019) demonstrated that the T24 cells are able to penetrate the extracellular matrix in a Transwell cell invasion assay using Matrigel.…”

“…For example, Hong et al (2013) and Pang et al (2019) demonstrated that the T24 cells are able to penetrate the extracellular matrix in a Transwell cell invasion assay using Matrigel. Furthermore, Pang et al (2019) showed that mice, injected with T24 cells form lung metastases and Karam et al (2011) used the T24 cells to develop a bladder cancer model in mice, which developed primary tumors and subsequent metastases. Moreover, our preliminary data show that the T24 cells are capable of extracellular matrix degradation in scaffolds with or without the appropriate tissue architecture.…”