The ergogenic supplement β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) attenuates insulin resistance through suppressing GLUT-2 in rat liver

Sharawy, Maha H.; El‐Awady, Mohammed S.; Megahed, Nirmeen; Gameil, Nariman M.

doi:10.1139/cjpp-2015-0385

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…In the current study, we found that dietary HMB supplementation decreased the arterial concentrations and net portal fluxes of glucose and insulin after 30 min of feeding, which suggests that HMB administration improve the insulin sensitivity to a certain extent. In support of this, Sharawy and coworkers reported that dietary supplementation with HMB might attenuate insulin resistance induced by a high fructose diet in rats through inhibition of glucose transporter-2 in the liver [52]. Recent studies have revealed that HMB supplementation may alter energy metabolism, as evidenced by increased fat loss during exercise [53].…”

Section: Effects Of Hmb Supplementation On Glucogenic Ketogenic Subsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Net Absorption and Metabolism of β-Hydroxy- β-Methyl Butyrate during Late Gestation in a Pig Model

Kristensen

Krogh

et al. 2020

Nutrients

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The leucine metabolite, β-hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate (HMB), is widely used in human nutrition and animal production as a nutritional supplement. Although the HMB usage during late gestation has been demonstrated to have a positive effect on fetal development, knowledge on net absorption and metabolism of HMB and impact of HMB on branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) metabolism is lacking. To address this, we conducted a study using pigs during the perinatal period as a model organism. Eight-second parity sows were fitted with indwelling catheters in the femoral artery and in the portal, hepatic, femoral, and mesenteric veins. Eight hourly sets of blood samples were taken starting 30 min before the morning meal on day –10 and day –3 relative to parturition. Four control (CON) sows were fed a standard lactation diet from day –15 and throughout the experiment, and 4 HMB sows were fed the control diet supplemented with 15 mg Ca(HMB)2/kg body weight mixed in one third of the morning meal from day –10 until parturition. Blood gases, plasma metabolites, milk compositions, and apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients were measured. Arterial plasma concentrations of HMB (p < 0.001), Cys (p < 0.001), and Lys (p < 0.10) were increased in HMB supplemented sows, while arterial plasma triglycerides concentration was decreased (p < 0.05). The net portal recovery of Ala and Asp were increased in HMB sows (p < 0.05). Sows fed HMB had increased hepatic vein flow and net hepatic fluxes of Met, Asn, and Gln (p < 0.05). In contrast, the femoral extraction rates of Ala and Ser were decreased by dietary HMB supplementation (p < 0.05). Dietary HMB treatment and sampling time relative to feeding had an interaction on arterial concentrations, net portal fluxes, and femoral extraction rates of BCAAs. The net portal recovery of HMB was 88%, while 14% of supplemented HMB was excreted through urine and 4% through feces. Moreover, the gastrointestinal tract metabolized 8% while the liver metabolized 12%. Finally, 26% of the daily intake of HMB was secreted via colostrum at the day of farrowing. This study demonstrated that dietary HMB supplementation increased net uptake of amino acids and increased fatty acid oxidation through improving blood flow and insulin sensitivity during the late gestation. Most importantly, oral HMB administration could maintain a stable postprandial absorption and altered metabolism in BCAAs. Net portal flux of HMB at 5.5 to 6.5 h after feeding approached zero, indicating that HMB ideally should be administrated two or three times, daily.

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Section: Effects Of Hmb Supplementation On Glucogenic Ketogenic Subsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Net Absorption and Metabolism of β-Hydroxy- β-Methyl Butyrate during Late Gestation in a Pig Model

Kristensen

Krogh

et al. 2020

Nutrients

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“…More recently, an animal study examined the effectiveness of a 12-week HMB administration on insulin resistance induced by a high fructose diet in rats. Compared to the control group, HMB significantly enhanced insulin tolerance and decreased fasting insulin, insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb A1c ), hepatic glycogen content, and serum triglycerides (TG), LDL, and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) [ 63 ]. It has also been demonstrated that two-week supplementation with HMB reduces arrhythmias during ischemia induced in rats [ 64 ].…”

Section: An Approach To Cardiovascular Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Effects of Leucine Metabolite (β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate) Supplementation and Resistance Training on Inflammatory Markers: A New Approach to Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Arazi

Taati

2018

Antioxidants

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β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB) is a bioactive metabolite formed from the breakdown of the branched-chain amino acid, leucine. Given the popularity of HMB supplements among different athletes, specifically, those who participate in regular resistance training, this review was performed to summarize current literature on some aspects of HMB supplementation that have received less attention. Because of the small number of published studies, it has not been possible to conclude the exact effects of HMB on cardiovascular parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers. Thus, the interpretation of outcomes should be taken cautiously. However, the data presented here suggest that acute HMB supplementation may attenuate the pro-inflammatory response following an intense bout of resistance exercise in athletes. Also, the available findings collectively indicate that chronic HMB consumption with resistance training does not improve cardiovascular risk factors and oxidative stress markers greater than resistance training alone. Taken together, there is clearly a need for further well-designed, long-term studies to support these findings and determine whether HMB supplementation affects the adaptations induced by resistance training associated with the body’s inflammatory condition, antioxidative defense system, and cardiovascular risk factors in humans.

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“…First, HMB supplementation in patients after liver transplant has been reported to be safe and well tolerated [14]. Further evidence comes from the finding that HMB exerts beneficial effects in ameliorating insulin resistance via inhibiting glucose transporter type 2 in rat liver [15]. These metabolic enhancements that have been related to HMB make it a prime substrate to be used in subjects suffering from liver injury.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Beta-Hydroxy Beta-Methyl Butyrate Supplementation Alleviates Liver Injury in Lipopolysaccharide-Challenged Piglets

Duan

Song

Zheng

et al. 2021

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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The current study was performed to investigate whether dietary β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) could regulate liver injury in a lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) challenged piglet model and to determine the mechanisms involved. Thirty piglets ( 21 ± 2 days old , 5.86 ± 0.18 kg body weight) were randomly divided into the control (a basal diet, saline injection), LPS (a basal diet), or LPS+HMB (a basal diet + 0.60% HMB-Ca) group. After 15 d of treatment with LPS and/or HMB, blood and liver samples were obtained. The results showed that in LPS-injected piglets, HMB supplementation ameliorated liver histomorphological abnormalities induced by LPS challenge. Compared to the control group, the activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were increased in the LPS-injected piglets ( P < 0.05 ). The LPS challenge also downregulated the mRNA expression of L-PFK, ACO, L-CPT-1, ICDH β, and AMPKα1/2 and upregulated the mRNA expression of PCNA, caspase 3, TNF-α, TLR4, MyD88, NOD1, and NF-κB p65 ( P < 0.05 ). However, these adverse effects of the LPS challenge were reversed by HMB supplementation ( P < 0.05 ). These results indicate that HMB may exert protective effects against LPS-induced liver injury, and the underlying mechanisms might involve the improvement of hepatic energy metabolism via regulating AMPK signaling pathway and the reduction of liver inflammation via modulating TLR4 and NOD signaling pathways.

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The ergogenic supplement β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) attenuates insulin resistance through suppressing GLUT-2 in rat liver

Cited by 18 publications

References 50 publications

Net Absorption and Metabolism of β-Hydroxy- β-Methyl Butyrate during Late Gestation in a Pig Model

Net Absorption and Metabolism of β-Hydroxy- β-Methyl Butyrate during Late Gestation in a Pig Model

A Review of the Effects of Leucine Metabolite (β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate) Supplementation and Resistance Training on Inflammatory Markers: A New Approach to Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Dietary Beta-Hydroxy Beta-Methyl Butyrate Supplementation Alleviates Liver Injury in Lipopolysaccharide-Challenged Piglets

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