The Epstein‐Barr Virus (EBV) major envelope glycoprotein gp350/220‐specific antibody reactivities in the sera of patients with different EBV‐associated diseases

Xu, Jingwu; Ahmad, Ali Hasan; Blagdon, Marie; D’Addario, Mario; Jones, James F.; Dolcetti, Riccardo; Vaccher, Emanuela; Prasad, U.; Menezes, José

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19981023)79:5<481::aid-ijc6>3.3.co;2-h

Cited by 7 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This finding is consistent with the documented decrease of virus-specific IgM in chronic viral infections. In this context, we have recently shown a positive correlation between the titers of gp350 IgA and virus capsid antigen-specific IgA in different EBV-associated diseases (24). Furthermore, a positive correlation between anti-gp350 IgA and anti-early antigen IgA titers has been reported (18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Serum samples were obtained from healthy EBV-seropositive and -seronegative volunteers and from patients suffering from EBV-induced IM, CEI, BL, and NPC. The criteria for the diagnosis of these patients have been detailed in our recent publications (24,25). The CEI patients in this study had prolonged severe relapsing courses of IM with high titers of antivirus capsid antigen and EBV early antigen antibodies in serum and little or no antibody to the EBV nuclear antigens.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since TGF-␤ is secreted in a latent form (which becomes activated by a yet poorly understood mechanism before interacting with the TGF-␤ receptors on cells), we measured the concentrations of total TGF-␤ as well as of its active form in serum by using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (Promega, Madison, Wis.) as we described earlier (25). The mean values for different groups were compared by using Student's t test as described earlier (24). Table 1 depicts the average Ϯ standard error of the levels of different forms of this cytokine in these disease conditions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this purpose, we chose to measure the EBV envelope glycoprotein 350 (gp350)-specific IgG, IgM, and IgA titers as well as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-mediating antibodies to gp350 in these sera. As a unique tool for these determinations, we used our gp350-expressing, cloned human T cells, following our published protocols for indirect immunofluorescence and ADCC assays (24). gp350 is the major virion structural glycoprotein, against which most of the anti-EBV cellular and humoral immune responses are directed; anti-EBV subunit vaccines based upon this glycoprotein have afforded protection in experimental animals (monkeys) and have been the subject of clinical trials in humans (5,15).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Elevated Serum Transforming Growth Factor β1 Levels in Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Diseases and Their Correlation with Virus-Specific Immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgM

Ahmad

Jones

et al. 2000

J Virol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Transforming growth factor ␤ (TGF-␤) is an immunosuppressive cytokine which can induce immunoglobulin A (IgA) switch and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) replication in latently infected cells. Here we report elevated serum levels of TGF-␤ in various EBV-associated diseases correlating positively with EBV-specific IgA titers and negatively with IgM titers, suggesting a role for this cytokine in the pathogenesis of these diseases.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 86%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Elevated Serum Transforming Growth Factor β1 Levels in Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Diseases and Their Correlation with Virus-Specific Immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgM

Ahmad

Jones

et al. 2000

J Virol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although neutralizing antibodies are essential for defense against various viruses, their role in humans with respect to protection from EBV diseases remains to be elucidated, although at least one group reported on different serum concentrations of gp350/220 antibodies in healthy individuals and patients with different EBV-related diseases (56). EBV VLPs are produced in human HEK293 cells and contain various viral and cellular proteins that are immunogenic in mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Virus-Like Particle-Based Epstein-Barr Virus Vaccine

Ruiss

Jochum

Wanner

et al. 2011

J Virol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is an ubiquitous human herpesvirus which can lead to infectious mononucleosis and different cancers. In immunocompromised individuals, this virus is a major cause for morbidity and mortality. Transplant patients who did not encounter EBV prior to immunosuppression frequently develop EBV-associated malignancies, but a prophylactic EBV vaccination might reduce this risk considerably. Viruslike particles (VLPs) mimic the structure of the parental virus but lack the viral genome. Therefore, VLPs are considered safe and efficient vaccine candidates. We engineered a dedicated producer cell line for EBV-derived VLPs. This cell line contains a genetically modified EBV genome which is devoid of all potential viral oncogenes but provides viral proteins essential for the assembly and release of VLPs via the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT). Human B cells readily take up EBV-based VLPs and present viral epitopes in association with HLA molecules to T cells. Consequently, EBV-based VLPs are highly immunogenic and elicit humoral and strong CD8؉ and CD4 ؉ T cell responses in vitro and in a preclinical murine model in vivo. Our findings suggest that VLP formulations might be attractive candidates to develop a safe and effective polyvalent vaccine against EBV.Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infects more than 90% of the human population worldwide and persists for life. Primary infection normally occurs during early childhood and is usually asymptomatic, but EBV causes a lymphoproliferative syndrome termed infectious mononucleosis (IM) in about 50% of adolescents and adults on their first contact with EBV (40). Although the disease is normally self-limiting, prolonged forms of IM (52) and chronic active EBV infection with a fatal outcome have been reported (30). IM also significantly increases the risk of developing Hodgkin's disease and other types of lymphoma (14) and is an independent risk factor for multiple sclerosis (51). In addition, EBV is causally associated with a heterogeneous group of malignancies, including undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma, gastric carcinoma, and various types of lymphoma (29). As a consequence, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies the virus as a class I carcinogen (1).Opportunistic infections represent severe complications in patients with HIV/AIDS and patients treated with immunosuppressive drugs. Transplant recipients who are immunologically naïve for EBV at the onset of iatrogenic immunosuppression are at a particularly high risk of developing life-threatening EBV-positive posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD). The exposure to immunosuppressive drugs impairs T cell immunity, and the patients are unable to effectively prime EBV-specific T cells, which control and prevent proliferation of EBV-infected B cells in vivo. Patients who are EBV seropositive at transplant have a much lower risk for PTLD (see reference 12 for a review), and the adoptive transfer of EBV-specific effector T cells can sometimes cure thi...

show abstract

Epstein–Barr virus infection, B‐cell dysfunction and other risk factors converge in gut‐associated lymphoid tissue to drive the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: a hypothesis

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Multiple sclerosis is associated with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection, B‐cell dysfunction, gut dysbiosis, and environmental and genetic risk factors, including female sex. A disease model incorporating all these factors remains elusive. Here, we hypothesise that EBV‐infected memory B cells (MBCs) migrate to gut‐associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) through EBV‐induced expression of LPAM‐1, where they are subsequently activated by gut microbes and/or their products resulting in EBV reactivation and compartmentalised anti‐EBV immune responses. These responses involve marginal zone (MZ) B cells that activate CD4 + T‐cell responses, via HLA‐DRB1, which promote downstream B‐cell differentiation towards CD11c + /T‐bet + MBCs, as well as conventional MBCs. Intrinsic expression of low‐affinity B‐cell receptors (BCRs) by MZ B cells and CD11c + /T‐bet + MBCs promotes polyreactive BCR/antibody responses against EBV proteins (e.g. EBNA‐1) that cross‐react with central nervous system (CNS) autoantigens (e.g. GlialCAM). EBV protein/autoantigen‐specific CD11c + /T‐bet + MBCs migrate to the meningeal immune system and CNS, facilitated by their expression of CXCR3, and induce cytotoxic CD8 + T‐cell responses against CNS autoantigens amplified by BAFF, released from EBV‐infected MBCs. An increased abundance of circulating IgA + MBCs, observed in MS patients, might also reflect GALT‐derived immune responses, including disease‐enhancing IgA antibody responses against EBV and gut microbiota‐specific regulatory IgA + plasma cells. Female sex increases MZ B‐cell and CD11c + /T‐bet + MBC activity while environmental risk factors affect gut dysbiosis. Thus, EBV infection, B‐cell dysfunction and other risk factors converge in GALT to generate aberrant B‐cell responses that drive pathogenic T‐cell responses in the CNS.

show abstract

The Epstein‐Barr Virus (EBV) major envelope glycoprotein gp350/220‐specific antibody reactivities in the sera of patients with different EBV‐associated diseases

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Elevated Serum Transforming Growth Factor β1 Levels in Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Diseases and Their Correlation with Virus-Specific Immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgM

Elevated Serum Transforming Growth Factor β1 Levels in Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Diseases and Their Correlation with Virus-Specific Immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgM

A Virus-Like Particle-Based Epstein-Barr Virus Vaccine

Epstein–Barr virus infection, B‐cell dysfunction and other risk factors converge in gut‐associated lymphoid tissue to drive the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: a hypothesis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About