The Epigynous Glands of Zingiberaceae

Rao, V. Seshagiri

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1963.tb06339.x

Cited by 28 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Raghavan and Venkatasubban (1941) regarded the labellum and the two staminodes as the outer whorl stamens and the two epigynous glands and the functional stamen as the inner whorl stamens. But Rao (1963) proved that the two epigynous glands of Zingiberaceae are merely an outgrowth from the upper surface of the ovary. Liao et al (2006) supposed the labellum represents the five members of the androecium based on the studies of floral vasculature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…1). In spite of quite a few different opinions presented in the past about the nature of labellum based on the morphological and anatomical evidence (Rao 1963;Burtt 1972), the recent evidence on floral organ development supported the notion that the labellum was derived from the congenial fusion of the inner staminodes (Kirchoff 1997(Kirchoff , 1998Song et al 2007). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Isolation and Characterization of Three MADS-box Genes from Alpinia hainanensis (Zingiberaceae)

Song

Yuanjiang

et al. 2009

Plant Mol Biol Rep

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Three complementary DNA clones, AhMADS5, AhMADS6, and AhMADS8 were isolated from the young inflorescences of Alpinia hainanensis. Sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analyses indicated that AhMADS5 and AhMADS8 are highly homologous to AP3 and PI family, respectively, and AhMADS6 is an AG homologue. In situ hybridization analyses showed that AhMADS5 and AhMADS8 genes are expressed in the second and third whorls, whereas, the AhMADS6 signal is present in the third and fourth whorls. The expression patterns of AhMADS5, AhMADS8, and AhMADS6 genes are very similar to those of AP3-, PI-, and AG-like genes in other plant species, respectively. These results suggest that while AhMADS5 and AhMADS8 belong to the B-class MADS-box gene family, AhMADS6 belongs to a different category, the C-class MADS-box gene family. Present studies strongly support the hypothesis that the labellum of A. hainanensis originated from stamens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Isolation and Characterization of Three MADS-box Genes from Alpinia hainanensis (Zingiberaceae)

Song

Yuanjiang

et al. 2009

Plant Mol Biol Rep

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“…Style 1 (Figs 1, 8) (Wu & Larsen 2000). Rao (1963) reported an abnormal flower in Alpinia vittata with two fertile stamens and a median sterile lobe. He believed that the two fertile stamens correspond to two subulate appendages and the median sterile lobe corresponds to the posterior fertile stamen of a normal flower.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormal flowers in genus Alpinia

Song¹,

Yuanjiang²,

Me³

et al. 2003

Nordic Journal of Botany

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There are six types of abnormal flowers in Alpinia described in this paper, namely 2‐stamens, 1.5‐stamen, 1‐stamen, stamen with only one theca, stamen absent and twin‐flower. A different morphological nature of subulate appendage is proposed: it might be the androecial appendage, i.e. appendage of stamen or labellum, but not of staminode. The second type of the abnormal flowers with 1.5‐stamen is regarded as synapomorphy, which is absent in the extant taxa, of the four ginger families, from which were derived the Zingiberaceae and Costaceae with one functional stamen or the Marantaceae and Cannaceae with half stamen. The diversification of the number of stamen in abnormal flowers might be a recurrence of the evolutionary history of stamen in ginger families.

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“…A major portion of the nectary occurs below the ovary (i.e., is infralocular or sublocular), while the rest extends up the length of the septae to the base of the style (i.e., is interlocular). The nectaries of the Costaceae and of the female fl owers of the Musaceae are supralocular, though they differ considerably in anatomy ( Rao, 1963 ;Fahn and Kotler, 1972 ;Fahn and Benouaiche, 1979 ;Kirchoff, 1992 ;Newman and Kirchoff, 1992 ). Gynopleural nectaries occur in the Cannaceae, Marantaceae, Strelitziaceae ( Pai, 1963 ;Kronestedt and Walles, 1986 ;Kirchoff, 1992 ), and Musaceae ( Kirchoff, 1992 ;Ren and Wang, 2007 ) and likely occur in the Costaceae ( Newman and Kirchoff, 1992 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gynopleural nectaries occur in the Cannaceae, Marantaceae, Strelitziaceae ( Pai, 1963 ;Kronestedt and Walles, 1986 ;Kirchoff, 1992 ), and Musaceae ( Kirchoff, 1992 ;Ren and Wang, 2007 ) and likely occur in the Costaceae ( Newman and Kirchoff, 1992 ). The Zingiberaceae are unique in the order in having epigynous nectaries that do not appear to arise from the fused margins of the gynoecial primordia ( Rao, 1963 ;Newman and Kirchoff, 1992 ;Kirchoff, 1997Kirchoff, , 1998. The nectaries of the Costaceae and of the female fl owers of the Musaceae are supralocular, though they differ considerably in anatomy ( Rao, 1963 ;Fahn and Kotler, 1972 ;Fahn and Benouaiche, 1979 ;Kirchoff, 1992 ;Newman and Kirchoff, 1992 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early floral development ofHeliconia latispatha(Heliconiaceae), a key taxon for understanding the evolution of flower development in the Zingiberales

Kirchoff

Lagomarsino

Newman

et al. 2009

American J of Botany

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We present new comparative data on early floral development of Heliconia latispatha, an ecologically and horticulturally important tropical plant within the order Zingiberales. Modification of the six members of two androecial whorls is characteristic of Zingiberales, with a reduction in number of fertile stamen from five or six in the banana families (Musaceae, Strelitziaceae, Lowiaceae, and Heliconiaceae) to one in Costaceae and Zingiberaceae and one-half in Marantaceae and Cannaceae. The remaining five infertile stamens in these later four families (the ginger families) are petaloid, and in Costaceae and Zingiberaceae fuse together to form a novel structure, the labellum. Within this developmental sequence, Heliconiaceae share with the ginger families the possession of an antisepalous staminode, a synapomorphy that has been used to place Heliconiaceae as sister to the ginger family clade. Here, we use epi-illumination light microscopy and reconstruction of serial sections to investigate the ontogeny of the Heliconia flower with emphasis on the ontogeny of the staminode. We compare floral development in Heliconia with that previously described for other species of Zingiberales. A comparison of floral structure and development across Zingiberales is presented to better understand the evolution of the flower in this charismatic group of tropical plants.

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The Epigynous Glands of Zingiberaceae

Cited by 28 publications

References 4 publications

Isolation and Characterization of Three MADS-box Genes from Alpinia hainanensis (Zingiberaceae)

Isolation and Characterization of Three MADS-box Genes from Alpinia hainanensis (Zingiberaceae)

Abnormal flowers in genus Alpinia

Early floral development ofHeliconia latispatha(Heliconiaceae), a key taxon for understanding the evolution of flower development in the Zingiberales

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