The epidemiology of obsessive–compulsive disorder in Spanish school children

Canals, Josefa; Hernández‐Martínez, Carmen; Cosí, Sandra; Voltas, Núria

doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2012.06.003

Cited by 92 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…This rate is compatible with the literature, in which rates ranging from 51.7 to 85% can be found. 6,24,28,36 Major depressive disorder was the most prevalent comorbidity (17.3%), as also observed previously for children and adolescents. 6,23,28 With regard to impulse control disorders, skin picking was the most frequent one (9.3%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and obsessive-compulsive disorder in adolescents: a population-based study

Vivan

Rodrigues

Wendt

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) and disorder (OCD) among adolescents and to describe OCD characteristics according to gender. Methods: Participants were selected by cluster sampling at seven high-schools in southern Brazil. In the first stage, 2,323 students were screened for OCS; in the second stage, adolescents scoring o 21 on the OCI-R scale were individually interviewed. OCD diagnosis was established using a semistructured interview (Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children: Present and Lifetime Version --K-SADS-PL).Results: The past-month estimated prevalence of OCS was 18.3%, and the point estimated prevalence of OCD, 3.3%. Girls showed higher scores (OCS: 24.8 vs. 14.4%; OCD: 4.9 vs. 1.4%; p , 0.001). Only 9.3% of OCD adolescents had been diagnosed and 6.7% received treatment. The most frequent/severe DY-BOCS dimensions were miscellaneous (86.7%; mean score 6.363.8) and symmetry (85.3%; 5.963.8). Female OCD adolescents predominantly showed depression (p = 0.032), and male adolescents, tic disorders (p = 0.006). Conclusions: OCD is underdiagnosed in adolescents, and few are treated. Future studies should investigate the relationship between OCS and the onset of OCD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and obsessive-compulsive disorder in adolescents: a population-based study

Vivan

Rodrigues

Wendt

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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“…In line with the obsessive-compulsive spectrum phenomena hypothesis [9], previous studies report that functional impairment [10,11] and several psychiatric comorbidites are associated not only with OCD, but subclinical OCD and OCS as well [7,[12][13][14]. Moreover, longitudinal studies suggest that OCS can persist over time [11,15] and increase the risk of developing OCD [16,17], supporting a dimensional approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Moreover, longitudinal studies suggest that OCS can persist over time [11,15] and increase the risk of developing OCD [16,17], supporting a dimensional approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Obsessive–compulsive symptoms are associated with psychiatric comorbidities, behavioral and clinical problems: a population-based study of Brazilian school children

Alvarenga

Rosario

Cesar

et al. 2015

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Pediatric-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is underdiagnosed, and many affected children are untreated. The present study seeks to evaluate the presence and the clinical impact of OCD and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) in a large sample of school-age children. In Phase I, we performed an initial screening using the Family History Screen (FHS). In Phase II, we identified an "at-risk" sample, as well as a randomly selected group of children. A total of 2,512 children (6-12 years old) were assessed using the FHS, the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA), the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Data analyses included descriptive and multivariate analytical techniques. 2,512 children (mean age: 8.86 ± 1.84 years; 55.0% male) were categorized into one of the three diagnostic groups: OCD (n = 77), OCS (n = 488), and unaffected controls (n = 1,947). There were no significant socio-demographic differences (age, gender, socioeconomic status) across groups. The OCS group resembled the OCD on overall impairment, including school problems and delinquent behaviors. However, the OCD group did have significantly higher rates of several comorbid psychiatric disorders, including separation anxiety, generalized anxiety, and major depressive disorder, than OCS or unaffected controls. Moreover, the OCD group also scored higher than the SDQ, as well as on each of CBCL items rated by the parent. Our findings suggest that there is a psychopathological continuum between OCS and OCD in school-aged children. The presence of OCS is associated with functional impairment, which needs further investigation in longitudinal studies.

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“…2 OCD usually has an early onset, with an estimated prevalence of up to 4.2% in different samples of young adults around the world. 3,4 In addition, as also reported for adults, comorbidities with other psychiatric disorders are very often observed in children and adolescents with OCD, with rates as high as 85% 5 and a predominance of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. 6,7 When left untreated, OCD can evolve into a chronic condition, affecting different areas of life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…For instance, it is currently well known that adolescents with OCD show high levels of psychiatric comorbidities and an increased presence of depression and anxiety symptoms. 5,30 The social relationship domain has also been consistently shown in the literature to be strongly affected by OCD, especially with regard to family burden. As a rule, family members accommodate to obsessive-compulsive symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Quality of life in adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder

Vivan

Rodrigues

Wendt

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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Objective: To compare adolescents with and without obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) with regard to quality of life and to investigate the association between quality of life and clinical characteristics. Methods: Participants were recruited from an epidemiological study conducted at high schools in the city of Porto Alegre, southern Brazil. The sample comprised 75 adolescents with OCD and 150 without the disorder, aged between 14 and 18 years. Participants were assessed using the following instruments: Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children --Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL), Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment --Abbreviated Version (WHOQOL-BREF), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Beck Depressive Inventory --II (BDI-II). Results: The two groups showed significant differences in relation to depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and quality of life (all domains), with a poorer performance among adolescents with OCD when compared to those without the disorder. Stepwise regression analysis revealed a significant association between BDI-II scores and quality of life, in all domains. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that adolescents with OCD, especially those with depression symptoms, have a poorer quality of life when compared with adolescents without OCD.

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The epidemiology of obsessive–compulsive disorder in Spanish school children

Cited by 92 publications

References 46 publications

Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and obsessive-compulsive disorder in adolescents: a population-based study

Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and obsessive-compulsive disorder in adolescents: a population-based study

Obsessive–compulsive symptoms are associated with psychiatric comorbidities, behavioral and clinical problems: a population-based study of Brazilian school children

Quality of life in adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder

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