The Epidemiology of Cosmetic Treatments for Corneal Opacities in a Korean Population

Chang, Kae-Sun; Kwon, Ji Won; Han, Young Keun; Wee, Won Ryang; Lee, Jin Hak

doi:10.3341/kjo.2010.24.3.148

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Given that iris color changes up to about the age of six years (1) and is almost constant afterwards, determining the most common eye color at this age and its relation to different types of refractive errors and amblyopia can be useful for identifying high-risk groups. Table 3 shows the most common iris color in different studies (5,9,12,(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). It should be noted that comparison of the results of studies in this field should be done with caution because studies have used different categorizations in reporting their results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iris Color Distribution and Its Relation with Refractive Errors, Amblyopia, and Strabismus in Children

et al. 2019

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Background:Despite the presence of various reports regarding the association between iris color and some ocular diseases in adults, there is little evidence of such relation in children. Objectives: Determine the distribution of iris color in seven-year-old children in Iran and its relation with refractive errors, amblyopia, and strabismus. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 3414 seven-year-old school children were selected from six cities through multistage random sampling. The iris color in this study was classified into dark brown, medium brown, light brown, yellow, green, gray, and blue. All subjects were examined for visual acuity, refraction, and binocular vision assessment. Results: Of the 3414 selected samples, 3030 children participated in the study (89% response rate). The prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism was 3.03% (2.30 -3.99), 6.20% (4.40 -8.65), and 17.42% (13.30 -22.48), respectively. Amblyopia was detected in 1.85% (1.10 -3.12) and the prevalence of strabismus was 2.50% (1.86 -3.35). Dark brown was the most common iris color at 52.50% (50.06 -54.93) in boys, 46. 07% (43.49 -48.68) in girls, and 49.50% (47.72 -51.28) in the total sample population. According to logistic regression results, the odds ratio (95% CI) of hyperopia was 0.3 (0.15 -0.6) in those with medium brown iris color and 0.23 (0.1 -0.47) in those with dark brown eyes compared to the group with yellow or green iris colors. Conclusions: Approximately 90% of the studied subjects had dark or medium brown eyes. Given that people with yellow or green eyes are at a higher risk of hyperopia, it is recommended that these individuals be given attention in this regard during screening, and the presence of hyperopia be taken into consideration during refraction examinations for these children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iris Color Distribution and Its Relation with Refractive Errors, Amblyopia, and Strabismus in Children

et al. 2019

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“…Disfiguring corneal opacities may alter the personal self-confidence and affect badly both social lives and quality of life. Therefore, we should consider cosmetic repair as an essential line of treatment of corneal opacities in carefully selected cases to improve both the patient's self-confidence and social life [ 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcomes of Corneal Tattooing by Rotring Painting Ink in Disfiguring Corneal Opacities

Alsmman

Mostafa

Mounir

et al. 2018

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Aim To evaluate corneal tattooing with Rotring painting ink (Rotring Ink, Hamburg, Germany) as an available and affordable surgical technique to improve cosmetic appearance in the eyes with disfiguring corneal opacities. Methods Fifty-three blind eyes with corneal disfiguring opacities underwent corneal tattooing using Rotring painting ink (Rotring Ink, Hamburg, Germany) by multiple transepithelial intrastromal injections under topical anesthesia. Complete ophthalmic examination and ocular ultrasonography were performed, and photographs of the patients' eyes were taken. Follow-up period was at least 12 months. Results On the first postoperative day, all patients presented with mild conjunctival injection and foreign body sensation. After the end of the follow-up period, 51 patients (96%) were satisfied of cosmetic appearance while only 2 patients (4%) post-op cosmetic results were less than their expectations; however, they were better in appearance. No major complications like corneal erosions; corneal ulcers or corneal melting was noted in any case. Conclusions Corneal tattooing with Rotring painting ink in blind disfigured eyes achieves favourable cosmetic results and is associated with high patient satisfaction. With better case selection, a high post-op satisfaction was achieved. Corneal tattooing acts as an alternative to more sophisticated and expensive cosmetic reconstructive surgery. This trial is registered with ISRCTN46626979.

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“… 29 According to Chang et al . 30 trauma is the leading cause of corneal opacities in children. Currently, 50% of corneal opacities in children are due to trauma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Past history of ocular trauma in an Iranian population-based study: Prevalence and its associated factors

Hashemi¹,

Khabazkhoob²,

Emamian³

et al. 2015

Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol

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Purpose:The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of a history of ocular trauma and its association to age, sex, and biometric components.Materials and Methods:Residents of Shahroud, Iran aged 40–64 years, were sampled through a cross-sectional study using multistage cluster sampling. Three hundred clusters were randomly selected, and 20 individuals were systematically selected from each cluster. The subjects underwent optometric and ophthalmic examinations, and ocular imaging. A history of ocular trauma was determined through personal interviews.Results:The prevalence of a history of trauma and blunt trauma, sharp trauma, and chemical burns were 8.57%, 3.91%, 3.82%, and 1.93%, respectively. After adjusting for age, the rate of all types of trauma was significantly higher for males. Only the prevalence of chemical burns significantly decreased with aging. A history of hospitalization was stated by 1.64% of the subjects. The axial length was significantly longer in cases with a history of trauma. The corneal curvature was significantly larger in cases with a history of sharp trauma and chemical burns. The prevalence of corneal opacities was significantly higher among cases with a history of the blunt trauma odds ratio (OR = 2.33) and sharp trauma (OR = 4.46). Based on corrected visual acuity, the odds of blindness was 3.32 times higher in those with a history of ocular trauma (P < 0.001).Conclusion:A considerable proportion of the 40–64-year-old population reported a history of ocular trauma. This observation has important health implications. Blindness, corneal opacities, and posterior subcapsular cataract were observed more frequently among these cases, and they demonstrated differences in some ocular biometric components.

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The Epidemiology of Cosmetic Treatments for Corneal Opacities in a Korean Population

Cited by 27 publications

References 14 publications

Iris Color Distribution and Its Relation with Refractive Errors, Amblyopia, and Strabismus in Children

Iris Color Distribution and Its Relation with Refractive Errors, Amblyopia, and Strabismus in Children

Outcomes of Corneal Tattooing by Rotring Painting Ink in Disfiguring Corneal Opacities

Past history of ocular trauma in an Iranian population-based study: Prevalence and its associated factors

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