The epidemiology of cataract: A review of the literature

Livingston, Patricia M.; Carson, Catherine A.; Taylor, Hugh R.

doi:10.3109/09286589509057097

Cited by 43 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…The view that cataracts were more prevalent in females was again supported by findings of other workers (2,11,12,21,22). In spite of the small sample size, the findings of the present study do not support the Polish experience or the widely held view that cataracts are more prevalent in females.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

“…Available literature shows that although easily treatable by removal and replacement of the opaque lens, cataract still remains the leading cause of blindness, accounting for nearly 50% of blindness worldwide and in any given community (11,12). The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimated that there were about 38 million blind people in the world, the majority of whom live in developing countries where more than 85% of the population live in rural areas, and most of the blindness is curable and preventable (13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of lens opacity at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital in Blantyre, Malawi

Msamati¹,

Igbigbi²,

Batumba³

2009

E Af Med Jrnl

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Objective: To determine the prevalence of lens opacity in black Africans. Design: A retrospective study. Setting: Eye Ward, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH), Blantyre between July and December 1997. Subjects: Case notes of 299 patients aged six months to 84 years with cataracts were studied. Results: Over 90% of the patients were referred from all ten district hospitals in the southern region. Of the 647 patients admitted in the Eye Ward, 299 patients (46.2%) had cataracts -206 (68.8%) males and 93 females (31.1%). Bilateral cataracts accounted for 61.9%; 22.4% were on the left eye and 15.7% on the right eye. Senility was the leading cause of cataracts in adults, being commonest among unskilled (48.8%) compared to skilled (15.1%) patients, but in children congenital cataracts (53.7%) were the most common. Conclusion: Cataracts accounted for nearly half the admissions in the eye ward. Laterality is reported probably for the first time in Central Africa -bilateral cataracts being more common than unilateral ones, and the leading cause of cataracts in adults was senility whereas congenital cataracts were commoner in children. The prevalence increased with age, males being affected more than females. These findings suggest cataracts as the leading cause of blindness. Community-based studies to determine the prevalence and profile of cataracts are recommended.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of lens opacity at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital in Blantyre, Malawi

Msamati¹,

Igbigbi²,

Batumba³

2009

E Af Med Jrnl

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“…While effective surgical procedures are available for treatment, the problem of postoperative complications, cost of surgery, and high number of people requiring surgery pose a considerable economic burden. It has been estimated that delaying cataract onset by 10 years could reduce the need for surgery by as much as half [2,3]. The respective causes of different type of cataracts must be known in order to understand the pathophysiology of the disease and its management.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Africa alone, only about 10% of the 500,000 new cases of cataract blindness each year are likely to have their sight restored surgically. It is estimated that if onset of cataract could be delayed by 10 years, the annual number of cataract surgeries performed would be reduced by almost a half [2,3]. This calls to question the risk factors of this multifactorial disease, which have been a litany of genetic, environmental, socioeconomic, and biochemical factors working in an interlaced fashion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pathophysiology of Cataract and Major Interventions to Retarding Its Progression: A Mini Review

Nartey

2017

AOVS

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Cataracts are the principal cause of blindness, globally, affecting the older cohort (specifically those in their fifth decades and beyond). In fact, there are more cases of cataracts worldwide than there are of glaucoma, macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy (DR) combined, according to Prevent Blindness America (PBA). Whilst ageing remains the predominant risk factor for cataract formation, other predisposing factors such as diabetes mellitus (DM), nutritional and trace element deficiency, ultraviolet radiations, smoking, etc., have been implicated in this sight threatening condition. The pathophysiology of cataract is not fully understood albeit aldose-reductase inhibitors and antioxidants have proven beneficial in the prevention and management of this vision threatening condition in vitro and in vivo experimental studies. This paper seeks to provide an overview of the understanding of the pathophysiology of cataract and the major interventions that have been deployed to help retard its progression, as highlighted in extant literature.

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“…Como exemplo, estudos epidemiológicos e operacionais, referentes à catarata trazem importante contribuição para a compreensão do impacto socioeconômico dela decorrente, além do conhecimento acerca das necessidades imediatas, de médio e de longo prazos para a instalação de serviços assistenciais e preventivos (21)(22) .…”

Section: Informações Sobre a Situação Epidemiológica Do Problema Focaunclassified

A perda da visão: estratégias de prevenção

Temporini

Kara‐José

2004

Arq. Bras. Oftalmol.

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A perda da visão -Estratégias de prevençãoIntrodução: A perda visual representa conseqüências adversas para o indivíduo e sociedade. O aumento da população mundial, com proporção maior de idosos, acarreta aumento de indivíduos com perda visual. A identificação e tratamento precoces de distúrbios oculares na infância constituem prioridades de programas de prevenção da cegueira. Medidas preventivas para doenças oculares devem ser planejadas e estabelecidas. Comentários: Apresentam-se estimativas referentes à prevalência da cegueira e de baixa visão realizadas pela Organização Mundial de Saúde. Discutem-se aspectos relacionados à problemática e estratégias com vistas ao planejamento de programas preventivos. Ressalta-se a necessidade de realizar pesquisas epidemiológicas e operacionais para conhecimento da realidade, formação de recursos humanos e aperfeiçoamento da infra-estrutura de serviços especializados. Destaca-se a importância de identificar fatores psicossocioculturais para direcionar tais intervenções. INTRODUÇÃOO atual conceito de prevenção da cegueira ampliou-se no seu enunciado, enfatizando-se a preservação da visão. Nesse sentido, relaciona-se estreitamente à qualidade de vida do ser humano, na qual desempenha importante função a capacidade visual.O oftalmologista apresenta atuação bem mais abrangente do que diagnosticar e tratar doenças ou proteger a saúde ocular do paciente. Destacase a necessidade de sua liderança e participação em programas e em grupos interessados no controle e erradicação de afecções oculares, como também na prevenção da perda visual. Essas ações visam à preservação e/ou melhoria da visão, contribuindo, assim, para o alcance de melhor qualidade de vida e baseia-se na necessidade de identificar e tratar pessoas, ainda em tempo de manter a própria independência (1)(2)(3) . O conceito de oftalmologia em saúde pública é relativamente recente. Se os princípios de saúde pública forem aplicados a programas de prevenção da cegueira, o número de cegos de uma população ou de uma comunidade pode ser significantemente reduzido. O controle e a diminuição de índices de cegueira por meio de programas específicos assumem importância vital em programas nacionais de saúde ocular (4) . Sabe-se que tudo o que diz respeito ao órgão visual é área de atuação do oftalmologista. A tônica de programas de prevenção da cegueira, contudo, requer maior abrangência -envolve também fatores políticos, econômicos, sociais e psicológicos, entre outros, ou seja, componentes do campo da saúde pública. Esse enfoque exige a participação de diferentes profissio-

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The epidemiology of cataract: A review of the literature

Cited by 43 publications

References 68 publications

Prevalence of lens opacity at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital in Blantyre, Malawi

Prevalence of lens opacity at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital in Blantyre, Malawi

The Pathophysiology of Cataract and Major Interventions to Retarding Its Progression: A Mini Review

A perda da visão: estratégias de prevenção

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