The environment of Low Surface Brightness galaxies

Rosenbaum, S. D.; Bomans, D. J.

doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20040185

Cited by 47 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…All these results fit well into a formation scenario for LSBs proposed in Rosenbaum & Bomans (2004) which is based on an idea of Bothun et al (1997). Galaxy formation takes place due to an initial Gaussian spectrum of density perturbations with much more low-density fluctuations than high density ones.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

The large-scale environment of low surface brightness galaxies

Rosenbaum

Krusch

Bomans

et al. 2009

A&A

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Context. The exact formation scenarios and evolutionary processes that led to the existence of the class of low surface brightness galaxies (LSBs) have not yet been understood completely. There is evidence that the lack of star formation expected to be typical of LSBs can only occur if the LSBs were formed in low-density regions. Aims. Since the environment of LSBs has been studied before only on small scales (below 2 Mpc), a study of the galaxy content in the vicinity of LSB galaxies on larger scales could add a lot to our understanding of the origin of this galaxy class. Methods. We used the spectroscopic main galaxy sample of the SDSS DR4 to investigate the environmental galaxy density of LSB galaxies compared to the galaxy density in the vicinity of high surface brightness galaxies (HSBs). To avoid the influence of evolutionary effects depending of redshift and to minimize completeness issues within the SDSS, we limited the environment studies to the local universe with a redshift of z ≤ 0.1. At first we studied the luminosity distribution of the LSB sample obtained from the SDSS within two symmetric redshift intervals (0.01 < z ≤ 0.055 and 0.055 < z ≤ 0.1). Results. It was found that the lower redshift interval is dominated by small, low-luminosity LSBs, whereas the LSB sample in the higher redshift range mainly consists of larger, more luminous LSBs. This comes from selection effects of the SDSS spectroscopic sample. The environment studies, also divided into these two redshift bins, show that both the low mass, and the more massive LSBs possess an environment with a lower galaxy density than HSBs. The differences in the galaxy density between LSBs and HSBs are significant on scales between 2 and 5 Mpc, the scales of groups and filaments. To quantify this, we have introduced for the first time the LSB-HSB Antibias. The obtained LSB-HSB Antibias parameter has a value of 10%-15%. Conclusions. From these results we conclude that LSBs formed in low-density regions of the initial universe and have drifted until now to the outer parts of the filaments and walls of the large-scale structure. Furthermore, our results, together with actual cosmological simulations, show that LSBs are caused by a mixture of nature and nurture.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

The large-scale environment of low surface brightness galaxies

Rosenbaum

Krusch

Bomans

et al. 2009

A&A

Self Cite

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“…For 2.6 ≤ r ≤ 4 Mpc a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test rejects the null hypothesis that the distributions for LSB and HSB neighbours are the same at a confidence level greater than 92% with a maximum value of 99.3% at a radius of 2.6 Mpc. For further details see [7]. Figure 1 shows that the spatial distribution of LSB galaxies follows in general the LSS defined by HSB galaxies which is in good agreement with the results from investigations of LSB galaxies in the Century Survey ( [2]).…”

Section: Pos(bdmh2004)025supporting

confidence: 84%

“…This scenario is discussed extensively in [7]. The isolation of LSB galaxies on intermediate and small scales must have effected their evolution since tidal encounters acting as triggers for star formation would have been rarer in these LSB galaxies than in HSB galaxies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The enviroment of Low Surface Brightness Galaxies

Rosenbaum¹,

Bomans²

2004

Proceedings of Baryons in Dark Matter Halos — PoS(BDMH2004)

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The formation and evolution scenarios that led to the existence of Low Surface Brightness (LSB) galaxies are not well understood yet. Although LSBs have HI components with low surface densities (systematically below the Kennicutt criterion), they can be regarded as gas-rich in general. Hence, the key in understanding LSBs lies in the answer to the question what prevented them from sufficient star formation. Using the public data releases of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), we investigated the galaxy density around LSBs in comparison to High Surface Brightness (HSB) galaxies. We performed a number counting analysis in three dimensions within spheres of several radii on a sample of HSBs and LSBs with well measured SDSS redshifts. On scales between 2 and 5 Mpc our results show significantly lower galaxy densities in the vicinity of LSBs compared to HSBs. At larger scales than 5 Mpc LSBs and HSBs share the same clustering properties but on scales below 2 Mpc the galaxy densities in the neighbourhood of LSBs lie systematically (but only with a slight significance) below that of HSBs. In the pie slice diagrams LSBs favour the outer rims of the filaments of the Large Scale Structure and some LSBs are even found in voids. These results give strong evidence to a formation and evolution scenario where LSBs were formed in low density environments. Hence, the lack of tidal interactions with companions must have caused the absence of an effective trigger for a sufficient starburst. Baryons in Dark Matter PoS(BDMH2004)025The enviroment of Low Surface Brightness Galaxies Stefan Dominik Rosenbaum • (right) are plotted containing a total of ∼800 LSB galaxies (black dots) and ∼16000 HSB galaxies (green/grey dots).

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“…The findings concerning the star formation history of N271 and its current stellar content could be related by taking into account the work by Rosenbaum & Bomans (2004) who analyzed the environment of LSB galaxies in the SDSS early data release. They find that LSBs are, unlike HSBs, often found in less dense environments or even in void structures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supernovae without host galaxies?

Zinn

Stritzinger

Braithwaite

et al. 2012

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Context. A remarkable fraction of supernovae (SNe) have no obvious host galaxy. Two possible explanations are that (i) the host galaxy is simply not detected within the sensitivity of the available data or that (ii) the progenitor is a hypervelocity star that has escaped its parent galaxy. Aims. We use the Type IIb SN 2009Z as a prototype of case (i), an example of how a very faint (here low surface brightness; LSB) galaxy can be discovered via the observation of a seemingly host-less SN. By identifying and studying LSB galaxies that host SNe related to the death of massive stars, we can place constraints on the stellar population and environment of LSB galaxies, which at present are poorly understood. Methods. We use archival ultraviolet (UV) and optical imaging, as well as an H I spectrum taken with the 100 m Effelsberg Radio Telescope to measure various parameters of the host galaxy, in particular its redshift, stellar and H I mass, and metallicity. Results. From the Effelsberg spectrum, a redshift z = 0.02513 ± 0.00001 and an H I mass of 2.96 ± 0.12 × 10 9 M are computed. This redshift is consistent with that obtained from optical emission lines of SN 2009Z. Furthermore, a gas mass fraction of f g = 0.87±0.04 is obtained, one of the highest fractions ever measured. The host galaxy shows signs of recently enhanced star formation activity with a far-UV derived extinction-corrected star formation rate (SFR) of 0.44 ± 0.34 M yr −1 . Based on the B-band luminosity we estimate an extinction-corrected metallicity following the calibration by Pilyugin (2001) of 12 + log O H = 8.24 ± 0.70. Conclusions. The presence of a Type IIb SN in an LSB galaxy suggests, contrary to popular belief, that massive stars can be formed in this type of galaxies. Furthermore, our results imply that LSB galaxies undergo phases of small, local burst activity intermittent with longer phases of inactivity, rather than a continuous but very low SFR. Discovering faint (LSB) galaxies via bright supernova events happening in them offers an excellent opportunity to improve our understanding of the nature of LSB galaxies.

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The environment of Low Surface Brightness galaxies

Cited by 47 publications

References 16 publications

The large-scale environment of low surface brightness galaxies

The large-scale environment of low surface brightness galaxies

The enviroment of Low Surface Brightness Galaxies

Supernovae without host galaxies?

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