The entomology of vineyards in Canada

Abstract

In Canada, viticulture has been practiced since the arrival of European settlers. After a period of low activity due to the prohibition in North America, viticulture enjoyed a renaissance in the 1970s such that it became a rapidly growing industry in Canada. It is currently practiced mainly in five provinces,i.e., British Columbia, Ontario, Québec, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick. In Eastern Canada, several species of wild vines (VitisLinnaeus; Vitaceae) grew naturally before cultivation of domesticated cultivars and these had their entomofauna. In contrast, no wild vines grew in British Columbia. As a consequence, the insect fauna varies according to the provinces and the regions and the agroclimatic conditions. Here we review the literature relevant to viticultural entomology in Canada and discuss the main grape insects. It is noteworthy that certain insect pests of grapes were the subject of the first issues ofThe Canadian Entomologist. Selected milestones are provided to document the evolution of research in grape entomology in the context of dynamic evolving viticultural and oenological industries. In recent years, the arrival of several invasive species challenged the sustainability of integrated pest management programmes.

Intermediate fragmentation surrounding vineyards favours the Coleoptera community within the crop

“…Latridiidae contributes, in terms of ecosystem services, to the decomposition of organic matter (Bukejs et al, 2013). Chrysomelidae have phytophagous feeding habits, and some species are considered vineyards insect pests (Beenen & Roques, 2010; Enoiu et al, 2013; Vincent et al, 2018), sometimes originating serious damages (Yoshinami et al, 2018). They have been associated with weeds growing within the vineyards and feeding on the vine's foliage but not in the berries (Lesage et al, 2008; Vincent et al, 2018).…”

An Overview of the Impacts of Climate Change on Vineyard Ecosystems in Niagara, Canada

“…Ontario's vineyards are confronted with significant challenges posed by 13 prominent insect pests that have reached pest status in the province. These pests include both native species such as Paralobesia viteana and Pseudococcus maritimus as well as invasive species like Popillia japonica [71]. They can cause extensive damage to various parts of the vine, including leaves, buds, small shoots, and berries, posing a serious threat to vineyard health and crop yield.…”

Sustainable Arthropod Management in Quebec Vineyards

“…In this paper, we review entomological issues that were addressed since 1980's and will be addressed in the coming years by Quebec viticulturists. We will draw on the relevant literature, notably [13,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. We will refer to a number of arthropod species discussed and illustrated in [22].…”