The enriched Y-bearing sperm combined with delayed fixed-time artificial insemination for obtaining male Simmental crossbred offspring

Abstract

Background and Aim: The production of male calf beef cattle is an agricultural innovation needed to increase the farm's productivity as a provider of meat sources. This study aimed to determine the sex ratio of the offspring of cows inseminated with Y-bearing sperm enriched by Percoll density gradient centrifugation and swim up, combined with delayed fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI). Materials and Methods: Ejaculates of Simmental bulls were divided into four equal portions and grouped as T0 (control, non-sexed semen), T1 and T2 were sexed semen using Percoll density gradient centrifugation three and five levels, respectively, and T3 was sexed semen using swim-up. After the sex was sorted, the semen was diluted in a tris egg yolk extender, packaged in French mini-straws containing 50 million live sperm cells, and frozen. Pre-sexed, post-sexed, and post-thawed spermatozoa were evaluated based on progressive motility, viability, intact plasma membrane, and abnormality. The post-thawed semen of T0 was artificially inseminated to recipient cows at 12 h after onset of estrus (not delayed FTAI). Meanwhile, the delayed FTAI was conducted 18 20 h after onset of estrus using the T0, the best of T1 and T2, and the T3 post-thawed semen. Results: The Percoll density gradient centrifugation reduced motility, viability, and intact plasma membrane but increased sperm abnormalities. Meanwhile, the swim up process increased motility, viability, and intact plasma membrane of sperm cells but decreased sperm abnormalities. Post-thawed semen decreased motility, viability, and intact plasma membrane of sperm cells but increased sperm abnormalities. The sex ratio of the Simmental crossbred offspring was 96.08% and 100% in T1 and T3, respectively, compared to 48.25% and 67.39% in T0 not delayed and delayed FTAI, respectively. Conclusion: The Percoll density gradient centrifugation and swim-up methods are prospective for obtaining male offspring.

Serum Nerve Growth Factor Levels as a Predictor of Bull Candidate Semen Quality of Madura Cattle

“…The heads of live sperm appeared brightly transparent, whereas dead sperm were pinkish. The percentage of live and morphologically (head, neck, and tail) abnormal sperms was assessed for 100 sperm at 400× magnification [ 6 ]. Sperm motility was evaluated using a homogenized mixture of 10 μ L of semen and 10 μ L of physiologic saline (0.9% NaCl).…”

“…Then, it was dropped on an object glass and covered. For every 100 sperm, the number of sperm showing progressive motility was counted using a 400× magnification microscope (Olympus BX-53) on a heating table at 37°C–38°C [ 6 ].…”

“…Indeed, crossbred beef cattle had higher meat production and higher market price [ 4 ] because of their characteristic heavy weight at birth and maturity; also, weaning calves have a higher body weight than native cattle [ 5 ]. Limousin crossbreed had good weight gain compared with Madura cattle [ 6 ]. Crossbreeding holds numerous economic benefits for farmers and ultimately increases national production [ 7 ].…”

Comparative Studies on the Effect of Tris -Egg Yolk and Soya Milk Based Semen Extender on various Semen Parameters for Effective Long Term Cryopreservation

“…The tris egg yolk extender is experimented with one control group and three different concentration to find the stability and motility of the semen samples after cryopreservation, the motility % at T0 (Control group), T1 and T2 (Percoll medium of three and five gradient levels) and T3 (Swim-up sexed semen) is T0 = 48.56 ± 1.08a, T1 = 44.52 ± 0.79b, T2 = 43.36 ± 2.15b and T3 = 49.14 ± 2.76a. The viability % at T0, T1 and T2 and T3 is 52.19±2.91a, 48.55±1.53b, 46.12±1.77b and 53.41±2.67a respectively (Meles et al 2022). The semen samples are cryopreserved with different concentration levels of tris egg yolk extender at 0%, 1%, 3% and 5% of lyophilized RJ ("royal jelly" -dietary supplement and alternative medicine).…”