The end-systolic pressure-volume relationship in conscious dogs.

Abstract

The end-systolic pressure-volume relationship (ESPVR)

Measurement of end-systolic pressure-volume relations by intra-aortic balloon occlusion.

“…2,3,11,23,29 Although the volume intercept was found to be statistically inconsequential (Tables 2 and 3), we noticed a small but consistent increase in the intercept. Other investigators have reported similar findings.513 However, there may be gross errors inherent in extrapolating a value for the volume intercept, especially in light of recent findings that ESPVR may be curvilinear when evaluated throughout a larger left ventricular pressure range.15,16 Figure 4 shows the substantial deviations in the volume intercept when calculated from linear and nonlinear fits to data collected in typical physiologic ranges.…”

Importance of Mitral Valve Second-Order Chordae for Left Ventricular Geometry, Wall Thickening Mechanics, and Global Systolic Function

“…20 Another load-insensitive measure of LV performance, PRSW, which incorporates both systolic and diastolic conditions, was determined by relating stroke work (SW) to EDV (Figure 2b). Stroke work was calculated as the integral of LV pressure (P) multiplied by change in volume (dV):…”

“…Pneumatic occluders (In Vivo Metric Systems) were placed around the inferior vena cava (to provide transient preload reduction) and around the mid-circumflex coronary artery distal to the first obtuse marginal branch (to induce transient posterolateral ischemia for the purposes of another analysis. 15 On cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) using cardioplegic arrest and working through a left atriotomy, 8 additional tantalum markers were sutured around the mitral annulus (MA) at the mid-septal annulus (the "saddle horn;" 14), left fibrous trigone (LFT; 15) and right (21) fibrous trigone (RFT), anterior (16) and posterior (20) commissures, and equidistantly around the lateral annulus (17,18, and 19, respectively; Figure 1). The largest second-order chorda from each PM inserting into the anterior mitral leaflet (AML) belly was identified (ie, the 2 most central "strut" chordae), and wire snares (insulated except where they encircled the chordae) were secured around these chordae and exteriorized through the LV wall.…”

Influence of contractile state on curvilinearity of in situ end-systolic pressure-volume relations.

“…However at higher or much lower con-168 Circulation Vol 79. No 1, January 1989 Studies performed in animal preparations that are more intact, [13][14][15][16] as well as in humans,17-21 generally have reported linear ESPVRs. Frequently, however, in situ data yield apparent negative values for V(, the estimated ventricular volume at zero end-systolic pressure.…”