The emerging role of angiotensinogen in cardiovascular diseases

Xu, Yinchuan; Rong, Jiabing; Zhang, Zhaocai

doi:10.1002/jcp.29889

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 84 publications

(162 reference statements)

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“…gene is associated with the risks of hypertensive disease, heart failure, and cardiovascular disease [63,64]. AGT is critical for ANG I /ANG II to maintain balance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It exerts physiological effects on target organs, including the kidney, blood vessels, and adrenal gland, and regulates the vascular tone, heart functions, and vascular remodelling 62 . Sequence variation in this gene is associated with the risks of hypertensive disease, heart failure, and cardiovascular disease 63 , 64 . AGT is critical for ANG I /ANG II to maintain balance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Potential Genes Associated with COVID-19 and Comorbidity

Feng¹,

Song²,

Guo³

et al. 2022

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease are common comorbidities and dangerous factors for infection and serious COVID-19. Polymorphisms in genes associated with comorbidities may help observe susceptibility and disease severity variation. However, specific genetic factors and the extent to which they can explain variation in susceptibility of severity are unclear. Therefore, we evaluated candidate genes associated with COVID-19 and hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease. In particular, we performed searches against OMIM, NCBI, and other databases, protein-protein interaction network construction, and GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses. Results showed that the associated overlapping genes were TLR4, NLRP3, MBL2, IL6, IL1RN, IL1B, CX3CR1, CCR5, AGT, ACE, and F2. GO and KEGG analyses yielded 302 GO terms (q < 0.05) and 29 signaling pathways (q < 0.05), respectively, mainly including coronavirus disease-COVID-19 and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. IL6 and AGT were central in the PPI, with 8 and 5 connections, respectively. In this study, we identified 11 genes associated with both COVID-19 and three comorbidities that may contribute to infection and disease severity. The key genes IL6 and AGT are involved in regulating immune response, cytokine activity, and viral infection. Therefore, RAAS inhibitors, AGT antisense nucleotides, cytokine inhibitors, vitamin D, fenofibrate, and vaccines regulating non-immune and immune factors could be potential strategies to prevent and cure COVID-19. The study provides a basis for further investigation of genes and pathways with predictive value for the risk of infection and prognosis and could help guide drug and vaccine development to improve treatment efficacy and the development of personalised treatments, especially for COVID-19 individuals with common comorbidities.

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“…gene is associated with the risks of hypertensive disease, heart failure, and cardiovascular disease [63,64]. AGT is critical for ANG I /ANG II to maintain balance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Genes Associated with COVID-19 and Comorbidity

Feng¹,

Song²,

Guo³

et al. 2022

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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show abstract

“… 35 Numerous experimental evidences suggest that sequence variants of this gene are correlated with hypertension, heart failure and cardiovascular risk factors. 37 In particular, for rs699 SNP, the presence of the TT genotype has been associated with the development of arterial hypertension, systolic blood pressure, coronary artery disease, mean arterial pressure. 38–40 Patients with the TT genotype and hypertension may have an increased risk of stroke when treated with ACE inhibitors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiotensin System Polymorphisms’ in SARS-CoV-2 Positive Patients: Assessment Between Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Patients: A Pilot Study

Cafiero¹,

Rosapepe²,

Palmirotta³

et al. 2021

PGPM

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Introduction The renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS), a metabolic cascade regulating pressure and circulating blood volume, has been considered the main system involved in the pathogenesis of severe lung injury and organs decline in COVID-19 patients. The angiotensin I-converting enzyme ( ACE1 ), angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 ( ACE2 ), angiotensinogen (AGT) and receptors angiotensin II receptor type 1 ( AGTR1 ) are key factors for SARS-CoV-2 entering in the cells, sodium and water retention with an increase blood pressure, promotion of fibrotic and inflammatory phenomena resulting in a cytokine storm. Methods In this pilot study, the frequencies of six polymorphisms in the ACE1, ACE2, AGT and AGTR1 genes were analysed in symptomatic patients affected by COVID-19 and compared with the results obtained from asymptomatic subjects. Results Thus, we have identified that rs2074192 ( ACE2 ), rs1799752 ( ACE1 ) and rs699 ( AGT ) SNPs could potentially be a valuable tool for predicting the clinical outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. A genetic predisposition may be prospected for severe internal organ damages and poor prognosis in patients with COVID-19 disease, as observed in symptomatic vs asymptomatic. Conclusion This study provides evidence that analysis of RAAS polymorphisms could be considered the key point in understanding and predicting the SARS-CoV-2 course infection.

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“…Angiotensinogen is the only known precursor to the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), which is an essential regulatory system for arterial blood pressure, vasoconstriction, body fluid and electrolyte homeostasis and proinflammatory processes 29 – 31 . Angiotensinogen itself mainly inhabits vasoconstrictive properties 29 , 31 and is known to affect the development of vascular diseases such as hypertension and atherosclerosis 32 , 33 . Angiotensin II is formed after enzymatic cleavage of angiotensinogen, via angiotensin I.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of proteins important for microcirculation using in vivo microdialysis after glucose provocation: a proteomic study

Högstedt

Farnebo

Tesselaar

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Insulin has metabolic and vascular effects in the human body. What mechanisms that orchestrate the effects in the microcirculation, and how the responds differ in different tissues, is however not fully understood. It is therefore of interest to search for markers in microdialysate that may be related to the microcirculation. This study aims to identify proteins related to microvascular changes in different tissue compartments after glucose provocation using in vivo microdialysis. Microdialysis was conducted in three different tissue compartments (intracutaneous, subcutaneous and intravenous) from healthy subjects. Microdialysate was collected during three time periods; recovery after catheter insertion, baseline and glucose provocation, and analyzed using proteomics. Altogether, 126 proteins were detected. Multivariate data analysis showed that the differences in protein expression levels during the three time periods, including comparison before and after glucose provocation, were most pronounced in the intracutaneous and subcutaneous compartments. Four proteins with vascular effects were identified (angiotensinogen, kininogen-1, alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein and hemoglobin subunit beta), all upregulated after glucose provocation compared to baseline in all three compartments. Glucose provocation is known to cause insulin-induced vasodilation through the nitric oxide pathway, and this study indicates that this is facilitated through the interactions of the RAS (angiotensinogen) and kallikrein-kinin (kininogen-1) systems.

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The emerging role of angiotensinogen in cardiovascular diseases

Cited by 23 publications

References 84 publications

Potential Genes Associated with COVID-19 and Comorbidity

Potential Genes Associated with COVID-19 and Comorbidity

Angiotensin System Polymorphisms’ in SARS-CoV-2 Positive Patients: Assessment Between Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Patients: A Pilot Study

Investigation of proteins important for microcirculation using in vivo microdialysis after glucose provocation: a proteomic study

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