The Emergent Global Marketing Challenges For Kerala Cardamom Producers Vis-à-Vis The Role Of The Spices Board Of India

George, Majo; Cherian, Elsa

doi:10.28945/3709

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Hep G2 cells were treated with ZnONPs at LD 50 (lethal dose) for 12 h at 37°C and washed with 1×PBS (ice-cold). Next, the content was subjected to incubation after adding 100 μM of DCFDA for 30 min in the dark at 37°C [32,33]. The incubated Hep G2 (hepatoma G2) cells were spectroscopically (Hitachi, Japan) analysed to determine the intensity of fluorescence besides, evaluation by fluorescence microscope (Leica, Japan) using 485 nm as excitation and 520 nm as emission wavelengths.…”

Section: Study Of Bacterial Cells By Sem (Scanning Electron Microscope)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antibacterial activities of spices are well known and they are a natural source of antioxidants [29]. There are also several other properties of spices already reported, such as anti-inflammatory [30], anticarcinogenic [31], etc Green cardamom is one of the spices which are used traditionally in cuisines [32] and India is world's largest consumer market of cardamom [33]. It gained the title of 'Queen of spices' and mainly used in food as a flavoring agent due to its nice aroma [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Green cardamom mediated phytosynthesis of ZnONPs and validation of its antibacterial and anticancerous potential

Pal

Mukherjee

et al. 2020

Mater. Res. Express

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Different conventional methods for synthesizing zinc oxide nano-particles (ZnONPs) significantly involves physical and chemical routes. But, often these synthesis processes are quite expensive and also involve the profuse use of many hazardous reagents. To overcome these problems, we have employed a convenient single step phytochemical synthesis of ZnONPs by using abundantly available bioresource, green cardamom. Aqueous extract of green cardamom served the purpose of reducing agent in the formation of ZnONPs, as the extract contains a high amount of flavonoids which hold great reducing properties. Various characterization analyses such as XRD, UV-vis, FTIR, SEM has been done to confirm the formation of ZnONPs and their size and shape. Antibacterial activity of the green ZnONPs was identified against Gram-positive as well as Gram-negative bacterial strains. Significant growth inhibition was found against all. The further anti-cancerous potential of synthesized nanoparticles was also studied on hepatocellular cell lines showing its potential to be a trustworthy anti-cancerous agent.

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Section: Study Of Bacterial Cells By Sem (Scanning Electron Microscope)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green cardamom mediated phytosynthesis of ZnONPs and validation of its antibacterial and anticancerous potential

Pal

Mukherjee

et al. 2020

Mater. Res. Express

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“…The seven districts of the eastern region-Ilam, Bhojpur, Dhankuta, Panchthar, Taplejung, Terhathum and Sangkhuwasabha produce around 90% of total national production of large cardamom (MoALD 2019). Globally, cardamom is known as the 'queen of all spices', ranking third in terms of price per volume after saffron and vanilla (George and Cherian 2017). Large cardamom in particular, because of its high market value, is commonly known as black gold (MoICS 2019b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Nepal’s main agricultural export product, large cardamom, does not reach the world market

et al. 2020

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While subsistence agriculture dominates in Nepal, certain high-value crops have shown great promise as export crops in recent years. Large cardamom is one such high-value crop, constituting about 5% of total exports from the country. Although development of agricultural value chains has connected smallholder farmers from developing countries to world markets, export of Nepali large cardamom is confined to India only. This paper has examined the factors that constrain the distribution of Nepali large cardamom to world markets beyond India. Primary data was collected from Ilam and Jhapa districts in eastern Nepal. Interviews and consultations were conducted with 54 purposively selected research participants including farmers, intermediaries, traders, and stakeholders. Data analysis was based on Trieneken's agricultural value chain analysis framework for developing countries. Findings revealed that increased large cardamom distribution to world markets is constrained by Nepal's landlocked geography, limited access to Indian transport infrastructure, strict food safety regulations, high tariffs, and complexities in customs clearance procedures. Nepal's poor market infrastructure, characterised by a lack of accredited laboratories, platforms for auctions, and warehouse facilities, has further weakened the country's export capacity. Moreover, that the same trade code is used for all types of cardamom in world markets has put Nepali traders at a disadvantage as they lack specific information regarding prospective markets and trade volumes outside India. This paper, therefore, calls for a large cardamom market study together with capacity-strengthening measures for institutions, the facilitation of export constraints, and a review of the existing export strategy.

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“…and Elettaria Maton give the spice cardamom, the world's third-most expensive spice in price per weight after vanilla and saffron. 2 The rhizomes from the Thai ginger Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd., the turmeric Curcuma longa L.,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical and Pharmacological Support for the Traditional Uses of Zingiberacea Species in Suriname - A Review of the Literature

Mans¹,

Djotaroeno²,

Friperson³

et al. 2019

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the common ginger Zingiber officinale Roscoe are well-known spices, condiments, and flavoring compounds. 3 And the leaves and flowers from C. longa, the grains of paradise Aframomum melegueta K. Schum., the white ginger Hedychium coronarium J. Koenig, and the east-Indian galangal Kaempferia galanga L. are consumed as vegetables and used as key ingredients of spicy savory dishes and/or herbal teas. 3Various species in the genera Alpinia Roxb., 1810, Curcuma L., Globba L., Hedychium J. Koenig, Kaempferia L., and Renealmia L.f. have visually attractive flowers and inflorescences and are cultivated as ornamentals. 3 The rhizomes from many species in the genera Alpinia Roxb., 1810, Curcuma L., Hedychium J. Koenig, and Zingiber Mill., 1754 contain essential oils for producing soaps, cosmetics, and perfumes. 3 In addition, a number of ginger species are medicinally used in various traditional systems throughout the world. Examples are A. melegueta, C. longa, and Z. officinale, preparations of which are used for treating many diseases ranging from infectious diseases and inflammatory conditions to hypertension and diabetes mellitus. 4 Parts from A. melegueta, C. longa, and R. alpinia are also used in religious ceremonies. 3 This paper first presents some general information about the Zingiberacea family, subsequently provides some background on Suriname, then extensively addresses the traditional uses of one representative species of the seven Zingiberacea genera in the ABSTRACT The Zingiberacea or ginger family is a family of flowering plants comprising roughly 1,600 species of aromatic perennial herbs with creeping horizontal or tuberous rhizomes divided into about 50 genera. The Zingiberaceae are distributed throughout tropical Africa, Asia, and the Americas. Many members are economically important as spices, ornamentals, cosmetics, traditional medicines, and/or ingredients of religious rituals. One of the most prominent characteristics of this plant family is the presence of essential oils in particularly the rhizomes but in some cases also the leaves and other parts of the plant. The essential oils are in general made up of a variety of, among others, terpenoid and phenolic compounds with important biological activities. The Republic of Suriname (South America) is well-known for its ethnic and cultural diversity as well as its extensive ethnopharmacological knowledge and unique plant biodiversity. This paper first presents some general information on the Zingiberacea family, subsequently provides some background about Suriname and the Zingiberacea species in the country, then extensively addresses the traditional uses of one representative of the seven genera in the country and provides the phytochemical and pharmacological support for these uses, and concludes with a critical appraisal of the medicinal values of these plants.

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The Emergent Global Marketing Challenges For Kerala Cardamom Producers Vis-à-Vis The Role Of The Spices Board Of India

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Green cardamom mediated phytosynthesis of ZnONPs and validation of its antibacterial and anticancerous potential

Green cardamom mediated phytosynthesis of ZnONPs and validation of its antibacterial and anticancerous potential

Why Nepal’s main agricultural export product, large cardamom, does not reach the world market

Phytochemical and Pharmacological Support for the Traditional Uses of Zingiberacea Species in Suriname - A Review of the Literature

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