The emergence of stable isotopes in environmental and forensic geochemistry studies: a review

Philp, R. Paul

doi:10.1007/s10311-006-0081-y

Cited by 96 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 99 publications

(101 reference statements)

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“…Similar observations were reported for fish and duck samples collected from the Housatonic River, Massachusetts (Yanik et al, 2003). Given that other physical or chemical processes, such as chemical transport, distribution and sorption, generally not or only little isotope fractionating (Philp, 2007;Schmidt et al, 2004), isotopic enrichment in the fish samples indicates that some isotope fractionation occurs during biotransformation, which results in an isotopic enrichment in the remaining PCB reservoir (Mook and Rozanski, 2000;Zeng et al, 2013b). PCBs with vicinal hydrogen atoms at the meta-para position can readily be metabolized by fish, as reported in a previous study (Buckman et al, 2006).…”

Section: Pcb Carbon Isotope Datasupporting

confidence: 67%

Tracing the biotransformation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in common carp (Cryprinus carpio): Enantiomeric fraction and compound-specific stable carbon isotope analyses

et al. 2016

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Section: Pcb Carbon Isotope Datasupporting

confidence: 67%

Tracing the biotransformation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in common carp (Cryprinus carpio): Enantiomeric fraction and compound-specific stable carbon isotope analyses

et al. 2016

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“…Several previous reviews provide detailed information on analytical methods and on the use of compound-specific isotopic data on organic compounds in the natural and applied sciences (MeierAugenstein 1999; Schmidt et al 2004;Glaser 2005;Benson et al 2006;Philp 2006;Sessions 2006;Evershed et al 2007). The following section briefly describes the general principles of acquiring C and H stable isotope data for individual organic compounds extracted from natural samples.…”

Section: Analytical Methodology For Compound-specific Stable Isotope mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions of n -alkanes as a tool in petroleum exploration

Pedentchouk

Turich

2017

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Compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) of individual organic compounds is a powerful but underutilized tool in petroleum exploration. When integrated with other organic geochemical methodologies it can provide evidence of fluid histories including source, maturity, charge history and reservoir processes that can support field development planning and exploration efforts. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a review of the methodologies used for generating carbon and hydrogen isotope data for mid-and high-molecular-weight n-alkanes.We discuss the factors that control stable carbon and hydrogen isotope compositions of n-alkanes and related compounds in sedimentary and petroleum systems and review current and future applications of this methodology for petroleum exploration. We discuss basin-specific case studies that demonstrate the usefulness of CSIA either when addressing particular aspects of petroleum exploration (e.g. charge evaluation, source rock-oil correlation, and investigation of maturity and in-reservoir processes) or when this technique is used to corroborate interpretations from integrated petroleum systems analysis, providing unique insights which may not be revealed when using other methods. CSIA of n-alkanes and related n-alkyl structures can provide independent data to strengthen petroleum systems concepts from generation and expulsion of fluids from source rock, to charge history, connectivity, and in-reservoir processes.Gold Open Access: This article is published under the terms of the CC-BY 3.0 license.Petroleum geoscientists use organic geochemistry as an essential tool in oil and gas exploration and field development planning. Relatively low-cost, high-throughput bulk data are commonly used to screen for source rock quality (e.g. per cent total organic carbon (%TOC), hydrogen and oxygen indices) and thermal maturity (Tmax, vitrinite reflectance equivalent). More in-depth geochemical analytical techniques are used in the context of full fluid and reservoir properties to correlate source rocks and reservoir oils, to determine fluid generation and migration history, including presentday reservoir connectivity, and to understand in-reservoir processes, such as biodegradation of in-reservoir oils. These tools are especially powerful when coupled with other measurements made during the exploration and development process, such as compositional analysis during drilling, downhole fluid analysis and other wireline measurements, and pressure, volume, temperature (PVT) and chemical analyses, integrated in the context of geological static and reservoir dynamic models.Molecular biomarkers have been employed in petroleum exploration for several decades (Peters et al. 2005). The usefulness of bulk stable isotope measurements of gases and oils was well demonstrated in the petroleum industry through the decades of the 1970s and 1980s (Stahl 1977;Schoell 1984;Sofer 1984). However, the use of compound-specific isotopic composition of light hydrocarbons, alkanes and biomarkers is less common....

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“…In order to confirm the interpretation obtained from PCA, compound specific isotope analysis (CSIA) was performed on several selected sterols, in particular phytosterols. CSIA applied to phytosterols is based on the differences in carbon isotope signatures between C3 and C4 plants [37]. Indeed, during plant photosynthesis, atmospheric 12 C carbon dioxide is preferentially incorporated In order to confirm the interpretation obtained from PCA, compound specific isotope analysis (CSIA) was performed on several selected sterols, in particular phytosterols.…”

Section: The Illinois River Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, during plant photosynthesis, atmospheric 12 C carbon dioxide is preferentially incorporated In order to confirm the interpretation obtained from PCA, compound specific isotope analysis (CSIA) was performed on several selected sterols, in particular phytosterols. CSIA applied to phytosterols is based on the differences in carbon isotope signatures between C 3 and C 4 plants [37]. Indeed, during plant photosynthesis, atmospheric 12 C carbon dioxide is preferentially incorporated by plants, leading to the formation of sterols that are isotopically lighter than atmospheric carbon dioxide [38].…”

Section: The Illinois River Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Fecal Contamination in Oklahoma Water Systems through the Use of Sterol Fingerprints

Philp

Biache

2016

Environments

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Fecal contamination is a major concern for water quality management, since the fecal materials are associated with pathogens that can cause illness wherever water is used for recreational, drinking and aquaculture purposes. In order to monitor source(s) of fecal contamination in Oklahoma water systems, sterol profiles were previously examined in rural and urban samples collected from the Illinois River Basin and the Norman Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP), respectively. Two distinctive, qualitatively and quantitatively, sterol fingerprints were recognized. Despite the effective removal of organic material by the Norman WWTP, human-derived sterol fingerprints, characterized by a predominance of fecal stanols such as coprostanol, were still significant in the output from the plant. The source of fecal material in the Illinois River samples (rural) was defined as being characteristic of corn-feed chicken manure originating from surrounding feedlots through the principal component analysis (PCA) of the sterol distributions and carbon compound specific isotope analysis of selected sterols (CSIA, δ 13 C). Thiosteranes, formed during sludge treatments, were also shown to be useful tracers for monitoring sludge application in agriculture fields. The results obtained were used to provide water management authorities with qualitative insights into the source of fecal material inputs into the environment.

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The emergence of stable isotopes in environmental and forensic geochemistry studies: a review

Cited by 96 publications

References 99 publications

Tracing the biotransformation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in common carp (Cryprinus carpio): Enantiomeric fraction and compound-specific stable carbon isotope analyses

Tracing the biotransformation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in common carp (Cryprinus carpio): Enantiomeric fraction and compound-specific stable carbon isotope analyses

Carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions of n -alkanes as a tool in petroleum exploration

Assessment of Fecal Contamination in Oklahoma Water Systems through the Use of Sterol Fingerprints

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