With interest rising recently in nanostructures of all kinds, attention was also given to etched ion tracks in insulators. The emerging nanopores with a very high aspect ratio enable one to create new functionalities, especially in thin polymeric foils and oxide-on-silicon structures, when combined with electronic, optical, catalytic or sensing materials.These materials are often inserted into the nanopores in the form of nanoparticles for several reasons. On the one hand, quantum effects can easily be exploited in this way, and, on the other hand, tailoring of size and distance of (semi)conducting nanoclusters enables one to obtain any desired conductivity value between insulating and metallic nanocluster/nanopore devices. Also, the very large surface areas of nanoclustered materials may be useful for initiating chemical reactions, e.g. for sensing, catalytic, or medical purposes. Nanotubes may be grown within the nanopores, which enhance the range of possibilities greatly. Potential applications of these strategies are outlined.