The “embreathment” illusion highlights the role of breathing in corporeal awareness

Monti, Alessandro; Porciello, Giuseppina; Tieri, Gaetano; Aglioti, Salvatore Maria

doi:10.1152/jn.00617.2019

Cited by 75 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In all conditions, participants were first given the opportunity to embody the rubber hand by performing tapping movements with their index finger while observing the rubber hand tap synchronously. This procedure generates a sensation of ownership of the rubber hand because the visual appearance of the moving hand conforms to proprioceptive changes due to the participants' finger movements (supported by an anatomically plausible orientation of the rubber hand; e.g., Fusco et al, 2020;Monti et al, 2020;Tieri et al, 2015a;Tieri et al, 2015b). Afterwards, we applied one of three manipulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to lose a hand: Sensory updating drives disembodiment

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Body representations are readily expanded based on sensorimotor experience. A dynamic view of body representations, however, holds that these representations cannot only be expanded but that they can also be narrowed down by disembodying elements of the body representation that are no longer warranted. Here we induced illusory ownership in terms of a moving rubber hand illusion and studied the maintenance of this illusion across different conditions. We observed ownership experience to decrease gradually unless participants continued to receive confirmatory multisensory input. Moreover, a single instance of multisensory mismatch – a hammer striking the rubber hand but not the real hand – triggered substantial and immediate disembodiment. Together, these findings support and extend previous theoretical efforts to model body representations through basic mechanisms of multisensory integration. They further support an updating model suggesting that embodied entities fade from the body representation if they are not refreshed continuously.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to lose a hand: Sensory updating drives disembodiment

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Immersive virtual reality (IVR) has proven to be an invaluable tool for exploiting full-body illusion paradigms, wherein a person's real body is replaced with a virtual one and an illusory feeling of BO over the virtual body (VB) is created (the body swap illusion; 7,8). Studies indicate that mere observation of a VB from a first-person perspective (1PP; i.e., aligned with and spatially matching one's own real body) is sufficient to induce illusory BO (9)(10)(11)(12). Recent IVR studies have shown that illusory BO can affect people's perceptions and behavior as well as their implicit attitudes, depending on conspicuous features of the VB (13) such as ethnicity (14), age (15), size (15,16), and sex (9,17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearing same- and opposite-sex virtual bodies and seeing them caressed in intimate areas

Fusaro¹,

Tieri²,

Aglioti³

2020

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Immersive virtual reality enables people to undergo the experience of owning an artificial body and vicariously feeling tactile stimuli delivered to it. However, it is currently unknown how such experiences are modified by the sexual congruency between the human and the artificial agent. In two studies, heterosexual men (Experiment 1) and women (Experiment 2) embodied same-sex and opposite-sex avatars and were asked to evaluate the experience (e.g., pleasantness, erogeneity) of being touched on social or intimate areas of their virtual body by a male or female avatar. Electrocardiograph and galvanic skin response were also recorded. Moreover, participants’ implicit and explicit gender biases were examined via a gender-potency implicit association test and the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory. When embodying a same-sex avatar, men and women rated caresses on intimate areas from an avatar of the opposite sex as more pleasant and erogenous. Conversely, body swap—i.e., wearing an opposite-sex avatar—enhanced participants’ perceptions of pleasantness and erogeneity for caresses on intimate areas from a same-sex toucher. This effect was stronger in men than in women. Women’s skin conductance response also increased when embodying a male avatar and being caressed by a female toucher. Wearing an opposite-sex avatar affects one’s own body representations and may have massive implications on people’s attitudes and implicit reactivity to touch-mediated interactions. Men seem more susceptible to this type of body swap illusion. Our paradigm may induce profound changes of cross-sex perspective-taking and provide novel tools for promoting empathy and comprehension of sex-related diversity.

show abstract

“…Furthermore, such enhanced role of visual information from the virtual scene can provide ample opportunities for experimental manipulations of body ownership by maintaining the visuo-proprioceptive information constant. For example, it allows creating a mismatch between the movements performed by the virtual and the real body, which the participant remains unaware of 32,33 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual appearance of the virtual hand affects embodiment in the virtual hand illusion

Pyasik

Tieri

Pia

2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Body ownership (the feeling that one's body belongs to oneself) is commonly studied with Rubber hand illusion (RHI) paradigm that allows inducing a temporary illusory feeling of ownership of a life-sized rubber hand. However, it remains unclear whether illusory ownership of the fake hand relies on the same mechanisms as ownership of one's own real hand. Here, we directly compared ownership of the own hand (OH) and fake hand (FH) in the same set of conditions within immersive virtual reality. We obtained behavioral (proprioceptive drift) and subjective (questionnaire) measures of ownership and disownership for virtual OH, FH and object (Obj) that were located congruently or incongruently with the participant's real hand and were stimulated synchronously or asynchronously with the real hand. Both OH and FH (but not Obj) were embodied after synchronous stimulation in both locations. Crucially, subjective ownership of the OH was stronger than of the FH in congruent location after synchronous stimulation. It was also present after asynchronous stimulation, being stronger when the virtual OH was subjectively more similar to the real hand. The results suggest that the detailed appearance of the body might act as an additional component in the construction of body ownership.

show abstract

The “embreathment” illusion highlights the role of breathing in corporeal awareness

Cited by 75 publications

References 42 publications

How to lose a hand: Sensory updating drives disembodiment

How to lose a hand: Sensory updating drives disembodiment

Wearing same- and opposite-sex virtual bodies and seeing them caressed in intimate areas

Visual appearance of the virtual hand affects embodiment in the virtual hand illusion

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About