The Efficiency of Technological Entrepreneurship Development in Russia: Spatial Aspect

Abstract

The development of technological entrepreneurship is necessary since new technologies and the level of knowledge are the factors determining the macroeconomic indicators, along with capital and labor. It is essential to identify the effectiveness of the development of technological entrepreneurship as an institution that transforms the research, development, and intellectual property into ready-made advanced production technologies. The paper studies the interrelation between the resources available to technological entrepreneurship (the level of costs for research and development, intellectual property) and the results in the form of the creation of new technologies. The author carried out the analysis at the national and regional levels. For this reason, two new indicators are calculated: the ratio of the number of patents for inventions to the number of the developed advanced production technologies; the ratio of the number of the developed advanced production technologies to the internal costs of research and development. At the national level, the author studied the change in these indicators for 2000–2018, determined trends and dynamics peculiarities. The study identified the influence of changes in the methodology of statistical accounting in 2011–2012 on assessing technological entrepreneurship efficiency. At the regional level, the author studied the variants of indicators of the effectiveness of technological entrepreneurship development, evaluated the nature of the distribution, and concluded on the degree of regional asymmetry. The paper includes the analytical grouping of Russian regions by the effectiveness of technological entrepreneurship development and its use of the resources of the national innovation system. The key features of the national dynamics of technological entrepreneurship efficiency are the improvement of the efficiency of the usage of intellectual property (patents) in general over the period and the unstable nature of this indicator in the last 5–7 years. At the regional level, the author noted a right-sided asymmetry in the distribution of both indicators and identified the regions with the highest and lowest efficiency of technological entrepreneurship development. The study showed that technological entrepreneurship efficiency does not always coincide with the positions of a region in the innovative development ratings.