The Efficiency of Nutrient Acquisition over the Life of a Root

Eissenstat, David M.; Volder, Astrid

doi:10.1007/3-540-27675-0_8

Cited by 38 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 162 publications

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“…An alternative strategy is to maintain fine roots and to adapt to water shortage by reducing root respiration (Bryla et al, 1997;Eissenstat and Volder, 2005). However, because young roots are able to take up water more efficiently than older ones (Huang and Nobel, 1993), root shedding and regrowth might represent a more suitable adaptation of plants to reduced water supply (Caldwell and Richards, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of experimental drought on the fine root system of mature Norway spruce

Gaul

Hertel

Borken

et al. 2008

Forest Ecology and Management

118

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of experimental drought on the fine root system of mature Norway spruce

Gaul

Hertel

Borken

et al. 2008

Forest Ecology and Management

118

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“…] root anatomy, or tissue mass density (Wahl and Ryser, 2000). However, specific root length varies widely with environmental conditions, and the direction of change in SRL is not always predictable based on resource supply (Eissenstat et al, 2005). In addition, SRL is a coarse metric that aggregates many distinct phenes to provide an overall estimate of mass per unit of root length, without indicating how mass varies or the composition and hence energy content of the mass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Root Cortical Cell File Number Improves Drought Tolerance in Maize

2014

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ORCID ID: 0000-0002-7265-9790 (J.P.L.).We tested the hypothesis that reduced root cortical cell file number (CCFN) would improve drought tolerance in maize (Zea mays) by reducing the metabolic costs of soil exploration. Maize genotypes with contrasting CCFN were grown under wellwatered and water-stressed conditions in greenhouse mesocosms and in the field in the United States and Malawi. CCFN ranged from six to 19 among maize genotypes. In mesocosms, reduced CCFN was correlated with 57% reduction of root respiration per unit of root length. Under water stress in the mesocosms, genotypes with reduced CCFN had between 15% and 60% deeper rooting, 78% greater stomatal conductance, 36% greater leaf CO 2 assimilation, and between 52% to 139% greater shoot biomass than genotypes with many cell files. Under water stress in the field, genotypes with reduced CCFN had between 33% and 40% deeper rooting, 28% lighter stem water oxygen isotope enrichment (d 18 O) signature signifying deeper water capture, between 10% and 35% greater leaf relative water content, between 35% and 70% greater shoot biomass at flowering, and between 33% and 114% greater yield than genotypes with many cell files. These results support the hypothesis that reduced CCFN improves drought tolerance by reducing the metabolic costs of soil exploration, enabling deeper soil exploration, greater water acquisition, and improved growth and yield under water stress. The large genetic variation for CCFN in maize germplasm suggests that CCFN merits attention as a breeding target to improve the drought tolerance of maize and possibly other cereal crops.

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“…glauca) experiences resource limitations over most of its range, including growing season soil water deficits and nitrogen (N) limitations (Rehfeldt 1989). Its ability to form an MN during seedling establishment is likely influenced by its proximity to existing EM plants (Teste et al 2009), relatedness to those same plants (Hoeksema 2010), and its own life history (Eissenstat and Volder 2005). It is assumed that the EM community of seedlings will be more similar to that of nearby trees where the seedlings are colonized by MNs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycorrhizal networks affect ectomycorrhizal fungal community similarity between conspecific trees and seedlings

Bingham

Simard

2011

Mycorrhiza

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Ectomycorrhizal (EM) networks (MN) are thought to be an important mode of EM fungal colonization of coniferous seedlings. How MNs affect EM communities on seedlings, and how this varies with biotic and abiotic factors, is integral to understanding their importance in seedling establishment. We examined EM fungal community similarity between mature trees and conspecific interior Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca) seedlings in two experiments where seed and nursery-grown seedlings originating from different locations were planted at various distances from trees along a climatic gradient. At harvest, trees shared 60% of their fungal taxa in common with outplanted seedlings and 77% with germinants, indicating potential for seedlings to join the network of residual trees. In both experiments, community similarity between trees and seedlings increased with drought. However, community similarity was lower among nursery seedlings growing at 2.5 m from trees when they were able to form an MN, suggesting MNs reduced seedling EM fungal richness. For field germinants, MNs resulted in lower community similarity in the driest climates. Distance from trees affected community similarity of nursery seedlings to trees, but there was no interaction of provenance with MNs in their effect on similarity in either nursery seedlings or field germinants as hypothesized. We conclude that MNs of trees influence EM colonization patterns of seedlings, and the strength of these effects increases with climatic drought.

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The Efficiency of Nutrient Acquisition over the Life of a Root

Cited by 38 publications

References 162 publications

Effects of experimental drought on the fine root system of mature Norway spruce

Effects of experimental drought on the fine root system of mature Norway spruce

Reduced Root Cortical Cell File Number Improves Drought Tolerance in Maize

Mycorrhizal networks affect ectomycorrhizal fungal community similarity between conspecific trees and seedlings

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