The efficiency of class-F and inverse class-F amplifiers

Inoue, Akihisa; Ohta, Akira; Goto, S.; Ishikawa, T.; Matsuda, Yoshihisa

doi:10.1109/mwsym.2004.1338991

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The characteristics of PAE and gain shown in Fig. 2 are similar to those reported in [4], [5]. sion gain from d receive-band racking metho ty margins are the temperatur duplexers.…”

Section: Sige Power Amplifier Designssupporting

confidence: 75%

“…In APT systems, the PA operates in a linear mode, as the linearity specs are the dominant factor for the system. Recent research has shown that by shaping the output current or voltage waveform of the PA, a high efficiency can be achieved without driving the PA into deep compression [4], [5]. In contrast, the PA in ET systems is run into compression for high efficiency, since the linearity specs can be met by digital predistortion (DPD) [3] or envelope shaping techniques [6].…”

Section: Rmo3b-3mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A highly integrated multiband LTE SiGe power amplifier for envelope tracking

Ortiz

Spears

2015

2015 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium (RFIC)

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This paper presents a highly integrated SiGe power amplifier (PA) for multiband long-term evolution (LTE). Two different harmonic loadings are investigated for the PA to achieve the optimized efficiencies for the envelope tracking (ET) and average power tracking (APT), respectively. By adopting the proper PA structure, our ET PA delivers >39% overall power-added efficiency (PAE) at the maximum output power (P out ) of 26.5 dBm with ACLR EUTRA below -42 dB and EVM below 1% for the LTE QPSK 10 MHz at 699-716 MHz, 824-915 MHz and 1710-1980 MHz. At the back-off more than 5 dB below the maximum P out , the ET PA is reconfigured to APT for remaining high overall PAE and linearity across a broad P out range.Index Terms-average power tracking (APT), envelope tracking (ET), long-term evolution (LTE), multimode multiband (MMMB), power amplifier (PA), SiGe, supply modulator

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“…The characteristics of PAE and gain shown in Fig. 2 are similar to those reported in [4], [5]. sion gain from d receive-band racking metho ty margins are the temperatur duplexers.…”

Section: Sige Power Amplifier Designssupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Rmo3b-3mentioning

confidence: 99%

A highly integrated multiband LTE SiGe power amplifier for envelope tracking

Ortiz

Spears

2015

2015 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium (RFIC)

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“…It was found that in class F, the current waveform becomes more distorted when lowering V CC , causing an increase of the amount of third harmonic content. This is similar to what Inoue [9] reported when increasing the load resistance in class F operation, since V CC and R L are inversely related for a certain P outD . On the other hand, class IF also benefits from the high voltage swing and low current swing, which reduces the effect of the finite knee voltage of the device.…”

Section: Table I Bias and Load Settings For Class F And Class Ifsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…2 shows the simulated DM power gain and PAE as a function of DM output power at f 0 = 870 MHz with and without C BC compensation. Clearly, inverse class-F and class IF have similar performance in terms of output power and efficiency but in class IF the maximum PAE occurs at a higher compressed output power as already shown by Inoue [9].…”

Section: Table I Bias and Load Settings For Class F And Class Ifsupporting

confidence: 62%

Large-Signal Characterization of an 870MHz Inverse Class-F CrossCoupled Push-Pull PA using Active Mixed-Mode Load-Pull

Heijden

Hartskeerl

Volokhine

et al.

IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFIC) Symposium, 2006

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An inverse class-F cross-coupled push-pull PA in a 0.5um SiGe technology is presented. It is shown that inverse class-F in combination with C BC compensation is preferred over class-F operation in terms of gain roll-off and efficiency as function of collector supply voltage. The active mixed-mode load-pull system is used to set up the proper output differential and common-mode impedances at the fundamental (870MHz) and harmonics to experimentally verify inverse class F operation with a measured PAE of 67% at 20dBm output power.Index Terms -active harmonic load pull, class F, inverse class-F, Mextram, power-added efficiency, push-pull power amplifier.

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“…It is commonly known that the inverse class-F amplifiers, which have open load at even-order harmonics (voltage peaking) and short load at odd-order harmonics (current peaking), can deliver higher efficiency than class-F operation. Some papers with partial analyses, simulations, or experiments, which demonstrated advantages of the inverse class-F amplifier, have been reported [4]- [6]. However, there have been no reports treating fully analytic and experimental comparisons for the clear explanation of the better efficiency of the inverse class-F amplifier.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and experiments for high-efficiency class-F and inverse class-F power amplifiers

Woo

Yang

Kim

2006

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

206

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Abstract-This paper presents analytic and experimental comparisons for high-efficiency class-F and inverse class-F amplifiers. The analytic formula of the efficiencies, output powers, dc power dissipations, and fundamental load impedances of both amplifiers are derived from the ideal current and voltage waveforms. Based on the formula, the performances are compared with a reasonable condition: fundamental output power levels of class-F and inverse class-F amplifiers are conditioned to be identical. The results show that the inverse class-F amplifier has better efficiency than that of class-F amplifiers as the on-resistance of the transistor increases.For experimental comparison, we have designed and implemented the class-F and inverse class-F amplifiers at 1-GHz band using a GaAs MESFET and analyzed the measured performances. Experimental results shows 10% higher power-added efficiency of the inverse class-F amplifier than that of the class-F amplifier, which verifies the waveform analysis.

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The efficiency of class-F and inverse class-F amplifiers

Cited by 25 publications

References 4 publications

A highly integrated multiband LTE SiGe power amplifier for envelope tracking

A highly integrated multiband LTE SiGe power amplifier for envelope tracking

Large-Signal Characterization of an 870MHz Inverse Class-F CrossCoupled Push-Pull PA using Active Mixed-Mode Load-Pull

Analysis and experiments for high-efficiency class-F and inverse class-F power amplifiers

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