The Efficiency Estimation of Monitoring the Human Radiation Doses During Computed Tomography

Abstract

X-ray imaging techniques have many advantages over other methods because they can be easily performed in a short time and are widely available, allowing doctors to quickly confirm or rule out a diagnosis with greater confidence. The main problem associated with the widespread use of radiological diagnosis and therapy is the significant exposure of patients. Over the last 30 years, the average radiation dose of the population and patients has doubled, despite the fact that exposure to natural factors has remained almost at the same level. The increase in the level of the average radiation dose of the population and patients of medical institutions is associated with an increase in the number of diagnostic procedures, despite the fact that the level of radiation with each procedure has decreased significantly. This is especially true in this period of coronary crisis - a rapid increase in the number of human diseases caused by the Covid-19 virus.
 The paper considers the principles of monitoring the level of radiation doses in diagnostic and therapeutic complexes of medical institutions. The analysis of research methods, comparison of doses obtained experimentally, in which multifactor measurements were performed with dosimeters located in the areas of major vital organs and doses adopted by treatment protocols according to state and sanitary rules and regulations.
 After the analysis and identification of the main problems of irradiation, a method of automated measurement of radiation doses with the installation of high-precision detectors and an algorithm for calculating irradiation parameters, according to the location of patients and staff during diagnostic or therapeutic procedures, as well as separately for each body, method assessment of the accumulation of the level of radiation doses.