The efficacy of EndoActivator, passive ultrasonic irrigation, and Ultra X in removing calcium hydroxide from root canals: an in-vitro study

Adl, Alireza; Razavian, Alireza; Eskandari, Fateme

doi:10.1186/s12903-022-02626-z

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…Removal of microorganisms and their by-products from the root canals is the supreme objective of endodontic therapy [ 1 , 2 ], which is impeded by anatomical complexities like lateral canals, dentinal tubules, and isthmuses [ 3 , 4 ]. This goal can be best achieved by combining mechanical preparation with different irrigants and intracanal medicaments [ 5 , 6 ] like calcium hydroxide, triple antibiotic paste (TAP), and double antibiotic paste (DAP), which are commonly used between the treatment sessions [ 1 , 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The antimicrobial efficacy of graphene oxide, double antibiotic paste, and their combination against Enterococcus faecalis in the root canal treatment

et al. 2023

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Background Inter-appointment medication of the root canals with appropriate intracanal medicaments has been advocated to improve root canal disinfection. Graphene oxide (GO) has shown promising antimicrobial activity against a wide range of microorganisms, besides the capability of carrying antibiotics. The current study aimed to compare the antibacterial activity of double antibiotic paste (DAP) and GO per se and in combination (GO-DAP) against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). Methods A total of 108 extracted human mandibular premolars were contaminated with three-week-old E. faecalis and subjected to a primary microbial assessment. The samples were categorized into 15 groups concerning the intracanal medicament (DAP, GO, GO-DAP, and control) and contact time (1, 7, and 14 days). Then, the root canals were medicated, incubated, and resubjected to a secondary antimicrobial evaluation. The colony-forming units (CFU) were counted to calculate the antimicrobial efficacy. The data were analyzed via the Kruskal–Wallis test (α = 0.05). Results GO-DAP was the only medicament that completely eradicated E. faecalis in 1 day. The percentage reduction of CFU/ml in the GO-DAP and DAP groups was higher than that in the GO group at all allocated contact times. Furthermore, a significant decrease of the CFU/ml was seen in the GO and DAP groups after 7 and 14 days of being medicated (P < 0.05). Conclusion Since GO-DAP improved root canal disinfection, this novel material can be introduced as a promising intracanal medicament against E. faecalis even in the short run.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The antimicrobial efficacy of graphene oxide, double antibiotic paste, and their combination against Enterococcus faecalis in the root canal treatment

et al. 2023

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“…This study assessed the amount of the remaining medicament in the root canal space with a 4-grade scoring system by evaluating the images under a stereo microscope at a 20× magnification [ 23 ] since the scoring system has several advantages such as ease of application and repeatability and high rates of intra-examiner agreement used [ 30 ]. On the other hand, it has been stated that measuring the surface layer of intracanal medicaments poses a risk in demonstrating the three-dimensional (3D) evaluation of the removal depth [ 31 ], and therefore volumetric analysis with micro-CT could demonstrate more accurate results. However, three-dimensional imaging with micro-CT has low availability and high cost [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, it has been stated that measuring the surface layer of intracanal medicaments poses a risk in demonstrating the three-dimensional (3D) evaluation of the removal depth [ 31 ], and therefore volumetric analysis with micro-CT could demonstrate more accurate results. However, three-dimensional imaging with micro-CT has low availability and high cost [ 31 ]. In addition, the radiopacity level of CH and DAP can be a challenge for their complete visualization with micro-CT [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the removal of intracanal medicaments used in regenerative endodontics from root canal system using needle, ultrasonic, sonic, and laser-activated irrigation systems

Usta,

Erdem,

Gündoğar

2024

Lasers Med Sci

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This study aimed to compare the syringe-needle irrigation (SNI), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), EDDY, and shock wave–enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS) techniques regarding calcium hydroxide and double antibiotic paste removal from the root canal in regenerative endodontic treatments. Eighty single-rooted human teeth were decoronated and enlarged up to #100 to stimulate the immature tooth model. Root canals were irrigated with 1.5% sodium hypochlorite followed by saline solution according to the regenerative endodontic treatment protocol. Dressed teeth were divided into 2 main groups regarding the used intracanal medicaments. Calcium hydroxide and double antibiotic paste were introduced to the canals, and teeth were stored for 3 weeks. Each medicament group was divided into 4 subgroups according to the activation techniques. Medicaments were removed using a 17% EDTA solution. Teeth were split longitudinally into two parts. The remaining medicaments were evaluated under a stereo microscope with a scoring system. Data were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. Regardless of the used irrigation activation systems, there was no statistically significant difference between the removal of the CH and DAP from the root canal (P>0.05). While SWEEPS had the highest ability regarding the removal of intracanal medicaments, syringe-needle irrigation had the lowest (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between PUI and EDDY (P>0.05). Complete removal of intracanal medicaments could not be achieved with any techniques. SWEEPS technology was more effective in removing intracanal medicaments in regenerative endodontic treatments compared to the sonic and ultrasonic irrigation activation systems.

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“…Before root canal lling phase, complete removal of the medicaments from the root canals is crucial for the adaptation of sealers to the dentinal walls [14]. Additionally, the gradual dissolution of intracanal medicaments can lead to the formation of voids between the lling and dentinal walls, which, in conjunction with apical leakage, may promote bacterial growth [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of different irrigation activation techniques for the removal of various medicaments from a simulated internal resorption cavity

SARIYILMAZ,

USLU,

SARIYILMAZ

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Objectives: This study aimed to assess different activation techniques’ efficacy in the removing calcium hydroxide (Ultracal XS), Ledermix and Bio-C Temp from simulated internal root resorption (IRR) cavities. Materials and Methods: 108 single-rooted maxillary incisors were prepared using Reciproc R50 files. Simulated IRR cavities, 2 mm in diameter and 8 mm from the apex, were created. Ultracal XS, Ledermix, and Bio-C Temp were applied to the samples, grouped by irrigation activation techniques: Standard Needle Irrigation (SNI), EDDY, Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation (PUI), and XP-endo Finisher (XPF). Medicament removal efficacy was evaluated using a standardized scoring system. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: XPF and PUI were more effective than SNI in medicament removal across the groups, with no significant difference between them. EDDY showed no a significant difference compared to other groups. Ledermix was more effectively removed in all activation groups compared to Bio-C Temp. The XPF was superior in removing Ultracal XS compared to Bio-C Temp. However, none of the groups achieved complete medicament removal. Conclusions:XPF and PUI techniques enhance medicament removal efficacy. Bio-C Temp was more difficult to remove from the IRR cavities than other medicaments. Clinical Relevance: Bio-C Temp is a novel bioceramic intracanal medicament recommended for root resorptions. This study compared its removability from internal resorption cavities to various medicaments using different irrigation activation methods

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The efficacy of EndoActivator, passive ultrasonic irrigation, and Ultra X in removing calcium hydroxide from root canals: an in-vitro study

Cited by 8 publications

References 44 publications

The antimicrobial efficacy of graphene oxide, double antibiotic paste, and their combination against Enterococcus faecalis in the root canal treatment

The antimicrobial efficacy of graphene oxide, double antibiotic paste, and their combination against Enterococcus faecalis in the root canal treatment

Comparison of the removal of intracanal medicaments used in regenerative endodontics from root canal system using needle, ultrasonic, sonic, and laser-activated irrigation systems

Evaluation of different irrigation activation techniques for the removal of various medicaments from a simulated internal resorption cavity

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