The efficacy of electromyographic biofeedback on pain, function, and maximal thickness of vastus medialis oblique muscle in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized clinical trial

Abstract

IntroductionThe aim of this survey was to examine the effect of adding electromyographic biofeedback (EMGBF) to isometric exercise, on pain, function, thickness, and maximal electrical activity in isometric contraction of the vastus medialis oblique (VMO) muscle in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsIn this clinical trial, 46 patients with a diagnosis of knee OA were recruited and assigned to two groups. The case group consisted of 23 patients with EMGBF-associated exercise, and the control group was made up of 23 patients with only isometric exercise. Data were gathered via visual analog scale (VAS) score, the Persian version of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index and Lequesne questionnaires, ultrasonography of the VMO, and surface electromyography of this muscle at baseline and at the end of the study. Variables were compared before and after the exercise program in each group and between the two groups.ResultsAt the end of the study, there were no significant differences between the two groups regarding measured variables. Only the VAS score was significantly less in the case group. Although all assessed parameters, except for VMO muscle thickness, were found to be improved significantly in each group, the degree of change was not significantly different between the two groups, except for VAS score. VMO muscle thickness did not change significantly after exercise therapy in either of the groups.ConclusionIsometric exercises accompanied by EMGBF and the same exercises without biofeedback for 2 months both led to significant improvements in pain and function of patients with knee OA. Real EMGBF was not superior to exercise without biofeedback in any of the measured variables, except for VAS score.

<p>MRI Changes After Platelet Rich Plasma Injection in Knee Osteoarthritis (Randomized Clinical Trial)</p>

“…Hyaluronic acid, ozone, laser, botulinum toxin A, and other medical treatments have been suggested. [2][3][4][5][6] One of the more recent modalities currently gaining attention is the various growth factor products. These include platelet rich plasma and plasma rich in growth factors; which because of having more platelet content compared to standard plasma, contains more growth factors.…”

An investigation into the efficacy of intra-articular ozone (O₂&ndash;O₃)&nbsp;injection in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“… 6 – 8 Also, there are many nonpharmacological treatments including exercise, orthotics or assistive devices, and physical agent modalities. 9 , 10 The only definite therapeutic option is total knee replacement (arthroplasty), which is reserved for the last stages. 5 For nonresponder patients to conservative treatment who are simultaneously not a candidate for arthroplasty, different intra-articular injections could be considered, such as corticosteroids, saline, dextrose, hyaluronic acid (HA), autologous blood, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), Butolinium toxin, and ozone (O 2 –O 3 ) injection.…”

Efficacy of single high-molecular-weight versus triple low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid intra-articular injection among knee osteoarthritis patients

“…Intra-articular injection, can be carried out using corticosteroid [ 6 ], hyaluronic acid (HA) [ 7 ], ozone [ 8 ], plasma rich in growth factor (PRGF) [ 9 ], and Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) [ 10 ]. Physical agent modalities have also been investigated regarding knee OA [ 11 , 12 ]. Many of international scientific associations have recommended Intra-articular hyaluronic acid (IA-HA) injections as part of knee OA treatment [ 13 ].…”