The effects on glucose metabolism of feeding a high-urea diet to sheep

Léonard, Martin; Buttery, P. J.; Lewis, D.

doi:10.1079/bjn19770110

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…All values serum glucose levels of all treatments lie within the normal range which were 52-56 mg/dl in sheep 2.5-4 years (Eshratkhan et al, 2008;Mustafa et al,2009). Our results agreed with Leonard et al (1977) data who reported that serum glucose concentrations were 3.7 and 4.1 mmol/L of sheep fed urea diet and those fed free urea one respectively. As well as, Knaus et al (2002) observed that blood serum glucose level significantly decreased in steers fed diets containing urea in compared to those fed on untreated one.…”

Section: Effect Of Dietary Urea Level On Serum Glucose Concentrationsupporting

confidence: 93%

Effect of Sheep Dietary Urea Level on Serum Urea, Glucose and Amino Acids Concentrations

El-Hafez

Mohammed

Ziyadah

2010

AJAS

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The trial was carried out to evaluate the effects of dietary urea level on serum urea, glucose and amino acids concentrations. Eighteen clinically healthy ewes were previously adapted to urea feeding (initial body weight 33.81 kg and about 4 years age). Animals were randomly assigned to three groups; the control group was given basal diet which met energy and protein requirements for body weight maintenance and the other two groups were fed on basal diet with 1% and 1.5% urea on dry matter (DM) basis to replace part of the dietary crude protein. The duration of this study was lasted for 3.5 months. Animals were kept in individual pens. The estrous cycles were synchronized using two injections of prostaglandin (PGF 2α ). Blood samples were taken at the beginning of the experiment as well as at the first and second injection with PGF 2α and then just before slaughter. Three animals were slaughtered at follicular phase and the remaining three animals were at luteal phase in each group. The follicular and luteal phases were monitored 40 hrs and 10 days upon second injection with PGF 2α . Serum glucose and urea concentrations were determined using spectrophotometer. Essential and non essential amino acids were determined using HPLC method in blood plasma collected at follicular and luteal phases. The results indicated that serum urea levels in treated groups were significantly higher than those in the control one (P<0.05), and vice versa with serum glucose concentrations. There were no significant differences in plasma essential and non essential amino acids during follicular and luteal phases among the three groups. It could be concluded that dietary 1% and 1.5% urea level changes serum concentrations of urea and glucose but did not affect plasma amino acids.

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Section: Effect Of Dietary Urea Level On Serum Glucose Concentrationsupporting

confidence: 93%

Effect of Sheep Dietary Urea Level on Serum Urea, Glucose and Amino Acids Concentrations

El-Hafez

Mohammed

Ziyadah

2010

AJAS

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“…Increased blood glucose levels derive mainly from a reduced rate of tissue utilization of glucose but there is also an attendant reduction in the production of glucose via gluconeogenesis (Emmanuel & Edjtehadi, 1981). The fact that both production rate and utilization rate of glucose can be affected, presumably by separate mechanisms, probably explains the variation in reported effects of urea feeding on blood glucose concentrations (Leonard et al 1977).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of intraruminal infusions of urea on the voluntary intake and milk production of cows receiving grass silage diets

Choung

Chamberlain

Thomas

et al. 1990

Journal of Dairy Research

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Responses of dairy cows given silage diets to the intraruminal infusion of urea in progressively increasing doses were studied in four experiments, two with non-lactating cows and two with lactating cows. No clinical symptoms of NH 3 toxicity were observed in any of the experiments. When urea was infused continuously, silage intake was depressed (P < 0-05) when the total supply of N exceeded the equivalent of 250 g crude protein (CP)/kg DM in the total diet. However, when the urea load was administered twice daily, as opposed to continuously, intake depression (P < 0-05) occurred at the equivalent of 170 g CP/kg DM. At the higher doses of urea, concentrations of NH 3 in peripheral blood increased and were accompanied by increased concentrations of glucose and reduced levels of insulin in plasma. In general, responses of milk production followed those of silage intake but there was evidence of greater proportional reductions in the yield of lactose relative to that of fat and protein. It is concluded that the voluntary intake of high-protein silages may be depressed by factors associated with high rates of absorption of NH 3 from the rumen.

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“…In these conditions, the irreversible glucose loss rate is the rate at which glucose leaves the sampled compartment never to return to that compartment, while the glucose entry rate is the rate of entry of glucose into the sampled compartment [56]. A combination of data from publications which compared different types of tracers [27,28,43] showed that on average glucose entry rates are 40% higher than the irreversible glucose loss rates.…”

Section: Methodological Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole body glucose turnover in growing and non-productive adult ruminants: meta-analysis and review

2003

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-The objectives of the present paper were to review and quantitatively determine the influence of the nutritional factors on whole body glucose turnover in growing and adult non-productive ruminants. A meta-analysis approach was used. The dietary grain: forage ratio significantly increased the slope of the relationship between glucose turnover and metabolisable energy intake. This effect was probably associated with the inclusion of maize rather than any other grain source in the diet. The analysis pointed out the possible differences in response between growing and adult non-productive animals, and suggested that the performance level of the animals (and their glucose requirements) could contribute to regulating whole body glucose turnover. This aspect would warrant further investigation.whole-body glucose turnover / meta-analysis / ovines / bovines

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The effects on glucose metabolism of feeding a high-urea diet to sheep

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

Effect of Sheep Dietary Urea Level on Serum Urea, Glucose and Amino Acids Concentrations

Effect of Sheep Dietary Urea Level on Serum Urea, Glucose and Amino Acids Concentrations

The effects of intraruminal infusions of urea on the voluntary intake and milk production of cows receiving grass silage diets

Whole body glucose turnover in growing and non-productive adult ruminants: meta-analysis and review

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