The effects of yam gruel on lowering fasted blood glucose in T2DM rats

X, Lin; Luo, Zongting; Pang, Shuqin; Wang, Carol; Ge, Li; Dai, Yue; Zhou, Jian; Chen, Fang; Hong, Xuepei; Zhang, Jiahui

doi:10.1515/biol-2020-0096

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In China, Yam Gruel is recommended as part of a healthy diet for T2DM patients. In accordance with the findings of previous investigations, dietary intervention combined with Yam Gruel can reduce fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels and 2-h postprandial blood glucose (2hPBG) levels as well as improve the blood lipid profile (namely, TG, TC, and LDL-C levels) in T2DM patients; these findings are consistent with the results of other animal experiments [30,31]. To some extent, the combination of Yam Gruel with metformin is more effective than either of the other agents alone and has advantages in improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing FBG and TG levels [32,33].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Yam Gruel alone and in combination with metformin regulates hepatic lipid metabolism disorders in a diabetic rat model by activating the AMPK/ACC/CPT-1 pathway

Dai,

Qiu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Lipids Health Dis

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Background As independent and correctable risk factors, disturbances in lipid metabolism are significantly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This research investigated the mechanism underlying the lipid-regulating effects of Yam Gruel in diabetic rats. Methods First, rats in the control group were given a normal diet, and a diabetic rat model was established via the consumption of a diet that was rich in both fat and sugar for six weeks followed by the intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). After the model was established, the rats were divided into five distinct groups: the control group, model group, Yam Gruel (SYZ) group, metformin (MET) group, and combined group; each treatment was administered for six weeks. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), body and liver weights as well as liver index of the rats were determined. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), aspartic acid transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels were measured. Oil Red O staining was used to assess hepatic steatosis. In addition, the levels of Phospho-acetyl-CoA carboxylase (p-ACC), acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), Phospho-AMPK (p-AMPK), carnitine palmitoyl transferase I (CPT-1), and Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase (MLYCD) in liver tissues were measured by real-time PCR (q-PCR) and western blotting. Results After 6 weeks of treatment, Yam Gruel alone or in combination with metformin significantly reduced FBG level, liver weight and index. The concentrations of lipid indices (TG, TC, NEFA, and LDL-C), the levels of liver function indices (ALT and AST) and the degree of hepatic steatosis was improved in diabetic rats that were treated with Yam Gruel with or without metformin. Furthermore, Yam Gruel increased the protein levels of p-ACC/ACC, p-AMPK/AMPK, MLYCD, and CPT-1, which was consistent with the observed changes in gene expression. Additionally, the combination of these two agents was significantly more effective in upregulating the expression of AMPK pathway-related genes and proteins. Conclusions These results demonstrated that Yam Gruel may be a potential diet therapy for improving lipid metabolism in T2DM patients and that it may exert its effects via AMPK/ACC/CPT-1 pathway activation. In some respects, the combination of Yam Gruel and metformin exerted more benefits effects than Yam Gruel alone.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Throughout the boiling phase, the paste was carefully mixed. The final concentration of Yam Gruel was approximately 0.5 g/mL [ 31 , 37 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yam Gruel alone and in combination with metformin regulates hepatic lipid metabolism disorders in a diabetic rat model by activating the AMPK/ACC/CPT-1 pathway

Dai,

Qiu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Lipids Health Dis

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“…Herb is an important part of TCM. Usually, herbs that are characterized with supplementing Qi include Astragalus , yam, Poria , Atractylodes , and ginseng, whose extracts have been proved by experiments to effectively reduce blood glucose and blood lipid [ 4 ], protect the function of the pancreatic islet [ 5 ], enhance glucose tolerance, and reduce glucagon secretion in rats [ 6 ]. Herbs that are characterized with clearing heat include Coptis , rhubarb, Radix Scutellariae, Sophora flavescens , and honeysuckle, whose extracts have also been proved to inhibit endoplasmic reticulum oxidative stress [ 7 ], alleviate intestinal inflammatory response [ 8 ], reduce the release of peripheral inflammatory cytokines [ 9 ], and alleviate insulin resistance [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qingre Yiqi Method along with Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs in Treating Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Objective. To evaluate the efficacy of the Qingre Yiqi method in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with meta-analysis. Method. The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of the Qingre Yiqi method in the treatment of T2DM in the PubMed, Medline, EMBase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Weipu Journal, China Knowledge Network (CNKI), and Wanfang database were conducted. Three reviewers independently conducted the screening, extracted the data, and assessed methodological quality. Data analysis was performed using Rev Man 5.3 software for statistical analysis. Results. A total of 15 RCTs, including 1440 patients, were included. The results showed that compared with oral hypoglycemic drugs alone, the add-on treatment of the Qingre Yiqi method could significantly improve Chinese medicine syndrome (OR (95%CI) = 3.66 [2.47,5.42], P < 0.00001 ) and lower the level of HbA1c (MD (95%CI) = −0.68 [0.91, −0.45], P < 0.00001 ), triglyceride (TG) (MD (95%CI) = −0.38 [−0.58,-0.17], P = 0.0004 ), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (MD (95%CI) = −0.25 [−0.37, −0.13], P < 0.0001 ), and total cholesterol(TC) (MD(95%CI) = −0.40[−0.67, −0.13], P = 0.003 ). In terms of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and postprandial blood sugar (PBG), subgroup analysis showed that the baseline of FBG and the number of combined oral hypoglycemic drugs of PBG were the major sources of heterogeneity. Conclusion. Compared with the standard treatment, the Qingre Yiqi method along with oral hypoglycemic drugs showed the more beneficial effects for T2DM on improving TCM syndromes and reducing the blood glucose and partial lipid parameter.

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“…Mechanistically, yam gruel inhibits excessive gluconeogenesis in the liver by reducing hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) expression ( Luo Z et al, 2021 ) and increases AMPK expression in the pancreas and skeletal muscle ( Dai et al, 2021 ; Lin et al, 2022 ). Yam gruel also elevates short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in stool and the abundance of SCFAs-producing bacteria in single T2DM rats or the T2DM rats with focal cerebral I/R injury ( Hong et al, 2020 ; Lin et al, 2020 ). SCFAs can promote colonic glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY) secretion via activating free fatty acid (FFA) receptor G protein-coupled receptor 43 (GPR43) ( Psichas et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Yao-shan Of Tcm For Xiao-ke (And/or Diabetes)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It also inhibits food intake and gastric emptying, actions maximizing nutrient absorption while limiting weight gain ( Drucker, 2018 ). It is speculated that the enhanced colonic expression of GPR-43 and serum levels of GLP-1 and PYY in T2DM rats by yam gruel may be the results of elevating SCFAs levels ( Lin et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Yao-shan Of Tcm For Xiao-ke (And/or Diabetes)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Yao-Shan of traditional Chinese medicine: an old story for metabolic health

Yang,

Zhang

2023

Front. Pharmacol.

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cardio-cerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs), hyperuricemia and gout, and metabolic-related sexual dysfunction are metabolic diseases that affect human health in modern society. Scientists have made great efforts to investigate metabolic diseases using cell models in vitro or animal models in the past. However, the findings from cells or animals are difficult to translate into clinical applications due to factors such as the in vitro and in vivo differences; the differences in anatomy, physiology, and genetics between humans and animals; and the differences in microbiome–host interaction. The Chinese have extensively used the medicated diet of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) (also named as Yao-Shan of TCM, Chinese Yao-Shan et al.) to maintain or improve cardiometabolic health for more than 2,200 years. These ancient classic diets of TCM are essential summaries of long-term life and clinical practices. Over the past 5 years, our group has made every effort to collect and sort out the classic Yao-Shan of TCM from the ancient TCM literature since Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period, especially these are involved in the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, NAFLD, CCVDs, hyperuricemia and gout, and sexual dysfunction. Here, we summarized and discussed the classic Yao-Shan of TCM for metabolic diseases according to the time recorded in the ancient literature, and revised the Latin names of the raw materials in these Yao-Shan of TCM. Moreover, the modern medicine evidences of some Yao-Shan of TCM on metabolic diseases have also been summarized and emphasized in here. However, the exact composition (in terms of ratios), preparation process, and dosage of many Yao-Shan are not standardized, and their main active ingredients are vague. Uncovering the mystery of Yao-Shan of TCM through modern biological and chemical strategies will help us open a door, which is ancient but now looks new, to modulate metabolic homeostasis and diseases.

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The effects of yam gruel on lowering fasted blood glucose in T2DM rats

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Yam Gruel alone and in combination with metformin regulates hepatic lipid metabolism disorders in a diabetic rat model by activating the AMPK/ACC/CPT-1 pathway

Yam Gruel alone and in combination with metformin regulates hepatic lipid metabolism disorders in a diabetic rat model by activating the AMPK/ACC/CPT-1 pathway

Qingre Yiqi Method along with Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs in Treating Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Yao-Shan of traditional Chinese medicine: an old story for metabolic health

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