The effects of various visual conditions on the gait cycle in children with different level of motor coordination-a pilot study. [Cómo afectan diferentes condiciones visuales a la marcha en niños con diferente nivel de coordinación motriz- un studio piloto].

Abstract

The importance of vision and the visual control of movement have been addressed in the literature related to motor control. Many studies have demonstrated that children with low motor competence in comparison to their typically developing peers may rely more heavily on vision to perform movements. The aim of the study was to highlight the effects of different visual conditions on motor performance during walking in children with different levels of motor coordination. Participants (n=8, Mean age = 8.5±.5 years) were divided into typical development (TD) and low motor coordination (LMC) group. They were asked to walk along a 10-meter walkway provided by Optojump-Next instrument that was placed in a portable construction (15 x 3 x 2.5m). This construction was surrounded by dark blue fibers in which all participants perceived the same visual information. They walked in a self-selected speed under four visual conditions: full vision (FV), limited vision 150 ms (LV-150), limited vision 100 ms (LV-100) and non-vision (NV). For visual occlusion during walking in LV-150 and LV-100, participants were equipped with Plato Goggles that opened for 150 and 100 ms, respectively, within each 2 sec. Data were analyzed in a two-way mixed between-within ANOVA including 2 (groups: TD vs. LMC) x 4 (visual condition: FV, LV-150, LV-100 & NV) with repeated-measures on the last factor (p≤.05). Results indicated that TD children walked faster and with longer strides than LMC children in which these parameters can influence on different periods of gait cycle including stance and swing phases. Also, perceiving visual information for 150 ms in comparison to 100 ms while walking was enough for similar performance in FV condition. The present findings highlight underlying parameters of gait cycle for walking in TD compared to LMC children are different.Key words: visual information; motor performance; walking pattern; optojump. AbstractCorrespondence/correspondencia: Miriam Palomo-Nieto Faculty of Physical Culture. Palacky University. Olomouc (Czech Republic) Email: miriam.palomo.nieto@gmail.com La importancia de la visión y del control visual en el movimiento es un asunto ampliamente abordado y tratado en la literatura científica referida al control motor. Muchos estudios han demostrado que los niños con un bajo nivel de competencia motriz dependen en mayor medida de la visión para realizar diferentes movimientos respecto de sus iguales. El objetivo de este estudio fue destacar el efecto que diferentes condiciones visuales tenían en el rendimiento motor durante la marcha en niños con diferente nivel de coordinación motriz. Los participantes (n = 8, Ma = 8.5 años sd. ± 0.5) fueron divididos en dos grupos: desarrollo motor típico (TD) y coordinación motora baja (LMC). Los participantes debían andar dentro de un laboratorio portátil (15 x 3 x 2.5m), a lo largo de un pasillo de 10 metros donde se instaló el instrumento Optojump-Next. Dicha construcción, rodeada de una tela óscura, permitía que todos los participantes tuvieran la misma informaci...

Coordinating abilities: recognition of a state of development of 11-13 years old boys

“…These tests characterize the coordination of movements of different parts of the body and the accuracy of throws. These data supplement the results of Agricola et al [11] and Palomo-Nieto et al [12] on the importance of coordinating movements of various parts of the body in assessing the coordination abilities of children and adolescents. The given data confirm conclusions of Ivashchenko O.…”

“…• on the influence of visual perception on the coordination of movements of various parts of the body of children [11,12];…”

Motor Difficulties in Elementary School and Its Relationship with Extracurricular Sport Activities

“…After having carried out the research, it has been observed that within the physical education classroom, there is a percentage of 18.8% of students with motor competence problems, as Cratty (1982) cites, who states that between 10 and 20 percent of schoolchildren develop some type of motor clumsiness. This percetage also has been seed in studies by Palomo, Psotta, Agricola, Abdollahipour, & Valtr (2015) or Ruiz, Rioja, Graupera, Palomo, & Garcíal (2015).…”

Movement Coordination: Identification of Development Peculiarities in Girls and Boys Aged 11-13

“…• Agricola et al (2015), Palomo-Nieto et al (2015 on the importance of movement coordination of different parts of the body in evaluating children's and adolescents' coordination abilities; • Volkov, and Nagovitsyn (2018) about the influence of motor activity and purposeful usage of physical education means on a positive dynamics of movement coordination development in children and adolescents; • Meadmore, Exell, Burridge, Hughes, Freeman, and Benson (2018) on the gender differences in children related to the body composition and movement coordination. During the analysis, the study confirmed Ivashchenko's (2016) conclusions as to the usage of factor analysis for the evaluation of the current state of motor preparedness, and the usage of discriminant analysis for the evaluation of the state dynamics in the age range, which makes it possible to determine informative indicators for a comprehensive control of motor preparedness.…”

“…• the influence of movement coordination level on building motor skills in schoolchildren (Khudolii, Ivashchenko, & Chernenko, 2015;Ivashchenko, 2016;Kapkan, 2015); • the interrelation of anthropometric, motor and cognitive abilities in children (Iadreev, Cherkashin, Vujkov, & Drid, 2015;Novak, Podnar, Emeljanovas, & Marttinen, 2015); • the relationship between the body mass index, subcutaneous fat and the manifestation of movement coordination in children aged 11-14 (Drid, Vujkov, Jaksic, Trivic, Marinkovic, &Bala, 2013;Han, A., Fu, A., Cobley, S., & Sanders R. H., 2017); • the influence of visual perception on children's movement coordination of different parts of the body Palomo-Nieto, Psotta, Agricola, Abdollahipour, & Valtr, 2015); • the effect of physical activity modes on the plasticity of motor skills in schoolchildren (Hadžić, Bjelica, Vujović, & Popović, 2015;Khudolii, & Ivashchenko, 2014). When studying the structure of schoolchildren's motor preparedness, it is effective to use multidimensional methods of mathematical statistics, such as factor and discriminant analyses (Ivashchenko, 2016;Lopatiev, Ivashchenko, Khudolii, Pjanylo, Chernenko, & Yermakova, 2017).…”