The effects of urine concentration, and cushion centrifugation to remove urine, on the quality of cool-stored stallion sperm

Voge, J.L.; Varner, D.D.; Blanchard, T.L.; Meschini, Marika; Turner, C.E.; Teague, S.R.; Brinsko, Steven P.; Love, Charles C.

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.04.070

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Although not visible by colour changes, a certain amount of urine may have been present in the sperm rich fraction, leading to severe sperm damage. As described in stallions, contamination of semen with urine may lead to serious sperm damage like drastic reduction in motility [11][40] as well as an increased amount of sperm with damaged acrosomal membranes and plasma membrane [40]. The latter was found in case 1 together with a high proportion of immotile spermatozoa, which may in part have been due to the sperm neck alterations (loose heads).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Urospermia indicating ectopic ureters in breeding dogs – 3 cases

Günzel‐Apel

Wolf

Beining

et al. 2019

Tierarztl Prax Ausg K

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An Entlebucher Mountain Dog (57 months old, case 1), a Labrador Retriever (24 months, case 2) and an Irish Soft-Coated Wheaten Terrier (31 months old, case 3) were presented for breeding soundness evaluation to the clinic. During semen collection in all 3 dogs, the pre-secretion and the sperm-rich fraction showed normal consistency and colour, whereas the prostatic secretion (3 rd ejaculate fraction) appeared strikingly yellow. In cases 1 and 2, a severely decreased sperm motility (asthenozoospermia) and an increased amount of abnormal spermatozoa (teratozoospermia), and in case 3, a moderately decreased total sperm count (oligozoospermia) were detected. Sonographical examination revealed abnormal findings regarding the uretero-vesical junction and ectopic ureters. Therefore it is concluded that urine admixture to the 3 rd ejaculate fraction may indicate the presence of ectopic ureters and may cause impairment of semen quality and fertility. The present cases raise questions regarding urospermia concerning: 1. its incidence in dogs in general and in connection with ectopic ureters and 2. its relevance as a cause of deficient ejaculate quality and subfertility or infertility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Urospermia indicating ectopic ureters in breeding dogs – 3 cases

Günzel‐Apel

Wolf

Beining

et al. 2019

Tierarztl Prax Ausg K

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“…A few studies have reported on urospermia and its treatment in stallions (GRIGGERS et al, 2001) and most cases are idiopathic in nature, limiting therapeutic options (VOGE et al, 2016). Targeted therapies to reduce urinary contamination include reducing the amount of urine in the bladder prior to reproduction, collecting only the semen-rich portion of the ejaculate using an open-ended artificial vagina, or pharmacological treatment to increase closure of the cervix bladder during ejaculation (TISCHNER et al, 1974).…”

Section: Treatment Of Urospermiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The contamination of the raw semen with urine can result in irreversible damage to the semen (VOGE et al, 2016) and the deleterious effects of urine on sperm are due to changes in pH, increased osmolality and toxic effects of urea and other components of urine (GRIGGS et al, 2001;WIRTU et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Urine contamination is detrimental to semen motility (KIM, KIM, 1998), acrosome integrity of the membrane and reduces its fertilization capacity (SANTOS et al, 2011), preventing its use in artificial insemination, thus reducing fertility of the stallion (VOGE et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there are cases where mixing of semen with urine can be avoided, the clinician should often manage artificial insemination with contaminated semen (VOGE et al, 2016). The importance of how to reverse the harmful effects of urinary contamination on semen (GRIGGERS et al, 2001), as well as the need for further studies on the effects of urospermia on fertility and on the quality improvement of equine urosperm semen samples (ELLERBROCK et al al., 2016) justifies the investigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urospermia in horses

Honorato¹,

Souza²,

Costa³

et al. 2019

Rev Agr Acad

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Contamination of the raw semen with urine can result in irreversible damage to the semen. The sensitivity of spermatozoa to osmotic damage differs markedly between species. Urospermia has been associated with intermittent subfertility and infertility in the horse. The cause may involve failure of the bladder sphincter occlusion and a functional disorder in the components of the autonomic sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic nervous system that control urination, erection, and ejaculation. Few studies have been done reporting the effects of urospermia on changes in pH, osmolality and motility of equine semen, but it has been reported in the literature that a urospermic condition leading to a hyperosmolar solution is detrimental to sperm motility in horses.

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