The effects of twinning and maternal experience on maternal-filial social relationships in confined beef cattle

Price, Edward O.; Smith, Valerie M.; Thos, J.; Anderson, G. B.

doi:10.1016/0168-1591(86)90059-6

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…It has been utilized as an index for the regulation of animal body homeostasis [ 17 ]. It has been reported that the rise in blood pressure is associated with increased HR [ 18 ]. RT is also an important indicator for homeostasis regulation of body temperature in calves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between blood, physiological and behavioral parameters in beef calves under heat stress

Kim

Lee

Jeon

et al. 2018

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

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ObjectiveThe performance, health, and behaviour of cattle can be strongly affected by climate. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of heat stress on blood parameters, blood proteins (haptoglobin [Hp]; heat shock protein 70 [HSP70]), rectal temperature (RT), heart rate (HR) and rumination time in Korean native beef calves.MethodsThirty-two Korean native beef calves were randomly assigned to 8 groups with 4 animals per group. They were kept in environmental condition with temperature-humidity index (THI) ranging from 70.01 to 87.72 in temperature-humidity controlled chamber for 7 days.ResultsTheir HR, RT, and serum cortisol and HSP70 levels were increased (p<0.05) in high THI compared to those at low THI. But, serum Hp level was decreased (p<0.05) in high THI compared to these at low THI. In addition, HR, RT, serum cortisol and HSP70 were positively correlated with THI (R2 = 0.8368, p<0.01; R2 = 0.6162, p<0.01; R2 = 0.581, p<0.01; R2 = 0.2241, p = 0.0062, respectively). There was also positive association between HR and cortisol (R2 = 0.4697, p<0.01). Similarly, RT and cortisol were positively associated (R2 = 0.4581, p<0.01). But, THI and HR were negatively correlated with Hp (R2 = 0.2157, p = 0.02; R2 = 0.3362, p = 0.003). Hematology and metabolites results were different among treatment groups. Standing position was higher (p<0.05) in the high THI group compared to that in the low THI group.ConclusionBased on these results, it can be concluded that HR, RT, blood parameters (Cortisol, HSP70, Hp) and standing position are closely associated with heat stress. These parameters can be consolidated to develop THI chart for Korean native beef calves.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between blood, physiological and behavioral parameters in beef calves under heat stress

Kim

Lee

Jeon

et al. 2018

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

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“…In dairy cows, Edwards and Broom (1982) reported a higher incidence of maternal aggressive behavior and rejection of the calf during the first hours after parturition in primiparous cows. Price et al (1986) reported a stronger behavioral response to brief temporary calf separation and upon reunion by multiparous than primiparous beef cows during the first week after parturition. As suckling restriction managements such as early weaning have high impact in reproductive performance in primiparous cows (Quintans et al, 2009), it would be important to determine if the stress response of this category of dams differs from than that of multiparous cows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Behavioral and physiological changes in early-weaned multiparous and primiparous beef cows

Ungerfeld

Hötzel

Scarsi

et al. 2011

Animal

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Early weaning is used to advance postpartum ovulation in beef cows, but triggers a stress response, affecting cows' and calves' welfare. Our aim was to compare the response to early weaning in multiparous and primiparous cows. Seventy-one days after birth, calves from 14 primiparous and 11 multiparous cows were weaned. Since birth, cow's body weight (BW), body condition (BC), milk yield and calves' BW were recorded. Basophil/neutrophil relationship, total protein and albumin concentrations were measured before and after weaning. The distance between each cow and its calf before weaning, as well as main behaviors of the cows before and after weaning were recorded using 10 min scan sampling. BW and BC were greater in multiparous than in primiparous cows ( P , 0.0001 for both). There was an interaction between parity ( P 5 0.004) and gender of the calf ( P 5 0.007): both BW and BC were greater in multiparous than primiparous cows, but multiparous cows with male calves had lower BW and BC than those with females ( P , 0.001 for both variables). Milk yield was greater in multiparous than in primiparous cows ( P 5 0.02), and there was an interaction, with greatest milk yield in multiparous cows that calved males ( P 5 0.02). Total protein blood concentration increased with time ( P , 0.0001), similarly in both groups. Albumin concentration profiles were similar despite parity, and decreased since 10 days after weaning ( P , 0.0001). Basophil/neutrophil ratio was not affected by parity, and increased the day of weaning, remaining high until day 10 ( P , 0.05). Frequency of standing decreased during the 2 days after weaning, with a greater decrease in multiparous than in primiparous cows ( P , 0.0001). Pacing increased after weaning ( P 5 0.001), but increased significantly more in multiparous cows ( P 5 0.006), with a significant time after weaning by parity interaction ( P 5 0.01) reflected in greater frequencies in multiparous cows in the 2 days. Walking increased with time ( P , 0.0001), and was more frequent in primiparous cows ( P 5 0.008). Ruminating, which was less frequent in multiparous cows ( P 5 0.014), decreased and remained low during the 3 days following weaning ( P , 0.0001), but there was a significant time by parity interaction ( P , 0.0001). The frequency of vocalizations increased dramatically after weaning ( P , 0.0001), and was greater in multiparous cows ( P 5 0.006), and decreased more slowly during the 2nd and 3rd days after weaning ( P 5 0.005) in these animals. In conclusion, behavioral changes induced by weaning were greater in multiparous than primiparous cows, indicating a more intense response to cow-calf separation in the multiparous animals.

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“…A single calf has a longer gestational period than twin calves and thus twins are developmentally younger than singles at a given post-partum age (Roy, 1980). Thus one could expect twin calves to be less active than a single in the days after birth, and they are less active (Price, et al, 1985(Price, et al, , 1986, though such differences in behaviour need not necessarily indicate a difference in the maternal bond/relationship between the cow and her calf (Kent, 1987b). It should be pointed out that 'relationships' have an elusive quality.…”

Section: Ecological Aspects Of Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cow–calf relationship: from maternal responsiveness to the maternal bond and the possibilities for fostering

Kent¹

2020

Journal of Dairy Research

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The relationship between the cow and calf develops over time after birth. The behavioural mechanisms underlying its development are important and comparisons with other species may increase our understanding. In nature the cow will separate herself from the herd to give birth and then the cow–calf relationship will develop with the ability to recognise each other. While twinning levels are low in cows, they do rear their twin calves. If the calf is lost at or after birth the cow can be responsive towards other calves and in specific circumstances the cow can develop a maternal bond with an alien calf, i.e. foster. In this Research Reflection a distinction is made between the development of, on the one hand, maternal responsiveness (the tendency of the cow to care for a calf which occurs before birth) and, on the other hand, the development of the maternal–filial bond or relationship which is reciprocal, occurs after birth and is characterised by the ability to discriminate the mother's own calf from alien calves. These processes can overlap and the relationship between cow and calf in this ‘hider’ species is more plastic than in some other mammals. For example, a cow might form an attachment with an alien calf before she gives birth. After the cow has given birth the loss of her own calf may result in the state of maternal responsiveness being maintained, such that developing a maternal bond with one or several appropriate alien calves is possible. Viable fostering techniques are possible. If a maternal relationship to the mother's own calf has developed then fostering will be more difficult. If the cow's relationship with her own calf is not exclusive, and she is in a state of maternal responsiveness then fostering of calves of an appropriate age and status can be achieved.

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The effects of twinning and maternal experience on maternal-filial social relationships in confined beef cattle

Cited by 16 publications

References 12 publications

Correlation between blood, physiological and behavioral parameters in beef calves under heat stress

Correlation between blood, physiological and behavioral parameters in beef calves under heat stress

Behavioral and physiological changes in early-weaned multiparous and primiparous beef cows

The cow–calf relationship: from maternal responsiveness to the maternal bond and the possibilities for fostering

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