The Effects of Training History, Player Position, and Body Composition on Exercise Performance in Collegiate Football Players

Miller, Todd A.; WHITE, EDWARD D.; Kinley, K. Allen; Congleton, Jerome J.; Clark, Michael

doi:10.1519/00124278-200202000-00008

Cited by 25 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Previous research has found the bOD POD device to have high test-retest reliability (rtt = 0.91-0.96) and is a valid alternative to hydrostatic weighing (r² > 0.80) [46][47][48][49]. The bod Pod was used to provide information on lean body mass, which is a factor relating to speed development [50].…”

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of a postactivation potentiation warm-up on subsequent sprint performance

Smith¹,

Hannon²,

McGladrey³

et al. 2018

Hum Mov.

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Purpose. Many strength and conditioning professionals propose that postactivation potentiation (PAP) warm-ups enhance power performance although there are few studies conducted in this regard on sprinting. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a PAP warm-up on sprint performance. Methods. Twenty-four men and women completed a 40-yard (yd) sprint pretest on four nonconsecutive days followed by a PAP warm-up that included a sled resistance sprint at either 0%, 10%, 20%, or 30% of their body mass and concluded with a 40-yd dash posttest. Each resistance sprint was recorded for kinematic analysis. Results. A 2 × 2 × 4 factorial mixed ANOVA revealed a statistically significant difference between sexes in 40-yd dash times (p < 0.001). A significant main effect was found in pre-and post-40-yd dash measures regardless of sex (p < 0.001). The results indicated no significant differences in the post-40-yd dash times between sled loads and the load by time interaction. The participants' 40-yd dash times improved 1.2% on average after the 10% load. Improvements in dash time for the 0%, 20%, and 30% loads were greater than 2%. Sprint kinematics analysis demonstrated statistically significant differences between lighter and heavier loads. Conclusions. Regardless of the significant disruptions in sprint mechanics, there appears to be a potential for heavier sled resistances to affect acute improvements in 40-yd sprint performance. However, it is unclear whether heavier sleds loads may provide greater benefit than warming up with 0% resistance.

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Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of a postactivation potentiation warm-up on subsequent sprint performance

Smith¹,

Hannon²,

McGladrey³

et al. 2018

Hum Mov.

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show abstract

“…Stature and body size is considered a major contributor to performance in AF 21 . The trend has been for mass to increase longitudinally over time with associated improvements in strength, power and speed 22 .…”

Section: Mass Stature Body Composition and Muscle Function Of Playersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updated Review of the Applied Physiology of American College Football: Physical Demands, Strength and Conditioning, Nutrition, and Injury Characteristics of America’s Favorite Game

Fullagar¹,

McCunn²,

Murray³

2017

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

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While there are various avenues for performance improvement in college American football (AF), there is no comprehensive evaluation of the collective array of resources around performance, physical conditioning, and injury and training/game characteristics to guide future research and inform practitioners. Accordingly, the aim of the present review was to provide a current examination of these areas in college AF. Recent studies show that there is a wide range of body compositions and strength characteristics between players, which appear to be influenced by playing position, level of play, training history/programming, and time of season. Collectively, game demands may require a combination of upper- and lower-body strength and power production, rapid acceleration (positive and negative), change of direction, high running speed, high-intensity and repetitive collisions, and muscle-strength endurance. These may be affected by the timing of and between-plays and/or coaching style. AF players appear to possess limited nutrition and hydration practices, which may be disadvantageous to performance. AF injuries appear due to a multitude of factors-strength, movement quality, and previous injury-while there is also potential for extrinsic factors such as playing surface type, travel, time of season, playing position, and training load. Future proof-of-concept studies are required to determine the quantification of game demands with regard to game style, type of opposition, and key performance indicators. Moreover, more research is required to understand the efficacy of recovery and nutrition interventions. Finally, the assessment of the relationship between external/internal-load constructs and injury risk is warranted.

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“…However, when studies on sportsmen were conducted, different results were obtained depending on the sport, age, performance level and population (Açıkada et al, 1991). Miller et al (2002) suggested that a 4% lb increase in athletic body fat tended to decrease during the season over athletic performance. For this reason, it is common practice to expect a change in body weight, especially fat mass, in response to training and dietary interventions (Hammami et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Static And Dynamic Warm-Up Protocols on Fitness Component And Body Fat Percentage of Athletes in Different Branches

Demirci

2018

International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences

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The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of static and Warm-Up Protocols On Fitness Component and body fat percentage of athletes in different branches. In this study, 50 (25 female and 25 male) athletes from Mersin University High School of Physical Education and Sports volleyball, football, basketball, wrestling and handball branches were formed the sample group of the research. The anthropometric characteristics of the individuals Height and weight measurements were made to determine and body fat percentages were determined by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis. As engine performance tests, Vertical jump test, Sprint performance test (20m), sit-reach flexibility test were applied. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to determine whether there was a statistically significant difference between measurements. Data was tested for normality with the "Kolmogorov Smirnov Test". Kruskall Wallis tests were used for comparison among five groups. According to our findings no significant difference was observed between the male branches in terms of body fat percentage (%BF). Female soccer players were found to have the least body fat percentage when compared to other branches (p <0.01). Static and dynamic warming protocols it was found to have an effect statistically significant (p <0.05, P <0.001) in sit-reach flexibility, vertical jump and speed test values of athletes in different branches. As a result; it has been found that the static and dynamic warming protocolshave different effects in terms of the different sports branches and motor performance parameters. When both male and female performance values were examined, dynamic heating was found to be more dominant. It can be said that the physical and physiological values of the athletes are directly related to the performance of being suitable for the sports branch involved. For this reason, the use of warming protocols is recommended with regard to the results of the study presented here

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The Effects of Training History, Player Position, and Body Composition on Exercise Performance in Collegiate Football Players

Cited by 25 publications

References 2 publications

The effects of a postactivation potentiation warm-up on subsequent sprint performance

The effects of a postactivation potentiation warm-up on subsequent sprint performance

Updated Review of the Applied Physiology of American College Football: Physical Demands, Strength and Conditioning, Nutrition, and Injury Characteristics of America’s Favorite Game

The Effect of Static And Dynamic Warm-Up Protocols on Fitness Component And Body Fat Percentage of Athletes in Different Branches

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