The Effects of the Marine-Derived Polysaccharides Laminarin and Chitosan on Aspects of Colonic Health in Pigs Challenged with Dextran Sodium Sulphate

Abstract

This study examined the effects of dietary supplementation with laminarin or chitosan on colonic health in pigs challenged with dextran sodium sulphate (DSS). Weaned pigs were assigned to: (1) a basal diet (n = 22); (2) a basal diet + laminarin (n = 10); and (3) a basal diet + chitosan (n = 10). On d35, the basal group was split, creating four groups: (1) the basal diet (control); (2) the basal diet + DSS; (3) the basal diet + laminarin + DSS; and (4) the basal diet + chitosan + DSS. From d39–42, the pigs were orally challenged with DSS. On d44, colonic tissue/digesta samples were collected. The basal DSS group had reduced growth, higher pathology score and an increased expression of MMP1, IL13 and IL23 compared with the controls (p < 0.05); these parameters were similar between the DSS-challenged groups (p > 0.05). In the basal DSS group, the relative abundance of beneficial taxa including Prevotella and Roseburia were reduced while Escherichia/Shigella were increased, compared with the controls (p < 0.05). The relative abundance of Escherichia/Shigella was reduced and the molar proportions of acetate were increased in the laminarin DSS group compared with the basal DSS group (p < 0.01), suggesting that laminarin has potential to prevent pathogen proliferation and enhance the volatile fatty acid profile in the colon in a porcine model of colitis.

Nigella A ameliorates inflammation and intestinal flora imbalance in DSS induced colitis mice

“…Bacteroids and Escherichia are highly related to gut inflammation, which are reported in several IBD animal models and patients of various literature (Yeom et al 2016 ; Rattigan et al 2020 ). Lactobacillus , as a kind of probiotic, exhibited beneficial effects on IBD by stimulating immune cells (Liu et al 2018 ).…”

Nigella A ameliorates inflammation and intestinal flora imbalance in DSS induced colitis mice

“…Bacteroids and Escherichia are highly related to gut in ammation, which are reported in several IBD animal models and patients of various literature (Yeom et al 2016;Rattigan et al 2020). Lactobacillus, as a kind of probiotic, exhibited bene cial effects on IBD by stimulating immune cells (Liu et al 2018).…”

Natural Anti-Inflammatory Compounds as Drug Candidates for Inflammatory Bowel Disease

“…Rattigan R analyzed the role of chitosan or laminarin supplementation in the diet in the colonic health of DSSexposed pigs and reported that relative to the baseline DSS group, the kelp DSS group exhibited decreased relative abundances of Escherichia coli/Shigella and an increased molar ratio of acetic acid. In addition, kelp was observed to suppress the proliferation of the pathogenic bacteria and increase the content of volatile fatty acids in the colon of the colitis pig model (Rattigan et al, 2020). Rioux L. E., Turgeon S., and Beaulieu M. characterized the polysaccharides extracted from brown seaweeds (Rioux et al, 2010).…”