The Effects of Stilbestrol, Testosterone, Thyroid Alteration and Spaying on the Growth and Fattening of Beef Heifers

Dinusson, W. E.; Andrews, F. N.; Beeson, W. M.

doi:10.2527/jas1950.93321x

Cited by 66 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…Gender did not affect ADG (Table 3) for the initial 28 d or the final 14 d of the study. While these data support research showing that OVX does not reduce ADG (Hamernik et al, 1985;Klindt & Crouse, 1990;Field et al, 1996), it is in contrast to early research that indicated that OVX decreased ADG (Dinusson et al, 1950;Ray et al, 1969;Horstman et al, 1982). However, heifers studied by Horstman et al (1982) were implanted with zeranol only, a much less aggressive implant than used in the present study.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…The lack of an effect of Synovex-Plus on DMI, in the present study, could also be attributed to the short time that these heifers were on feed. The lack of a gender effect on G:F disagrees with early research that indicated that OVX had an adverse influence on efficiency of growth (Dinusson et al, 1950;Horstman et al, 1982), but in agreement with later research that indicated that OVX did not have any effect on efficiency of growth (Klindt & Crouse, 1990). Due to the lack of difference in DMI and the increased ADG in implanted heifers compared to control heifers, G:F was greater for implanted heifers at both d 28 (P = 0.03) and 42 (P = 0.01), but did not differ between d 28 and 42.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

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Effects of ovariectomy and anabolic steroid implantation on the somatotrophic axis in feedlot heifers

Bailey¹,

Duff²,

Sanders³

et al. 2008

SA J. An. Sci.

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________________________________________________________________________________ AbstractA 2 x 2 factorial experimental design was used to evaluate effects of ovariectomy and implantation (200 mg trenbolone acetate and 28 mg estradiol benzoate; Synovex-Plus) on the performance, serum urea nitrogen, serum insulin like growth factor -1 (IGF-1), and mRNA expression of hepatic IGF-1, growth hormone (GH) receptor and estrogen receptor-α as well as pituitary GH, estrogen receptor-α and GH releasing hormone receptor in feedlot heifers. Thirty-two British x Continental heifers were randomly assigned to either an ovariectomized (OVX) or intact group and then to either a control group or a SynovexPlus implant group. Heifers were fed a 900 g/kg concentrate steam-flaked maize based diet for 42 d. Liver biopsies were taken before OVX for baseline expression of IGF-1, GH receptor and hepatic estrogen receptor-α, which did not differ between treatment groups. Blood and body weight (BW) were taken on d 0, 28, and 42 and one heifer/pen was slaughtered on d 42 for liver and pituitary tissue samples. Initial and final BW did not differ due to OVX or implant. No gender x treatment interaction was observed for average daily gain (ADG) or final BW. Neither OVX nor implant affected ADG for the final 14 d of the feeding period, but 28 and 42 d ADG were greater in implanted than in control heifers. No 2-or 3-way interactions with day were observed for serum urea nitrogen. Serum urea nitrogen was greater in control heifers than in implanted heifers, but gender had no effect. Both implant and OVX increased serum IGF-1 and a gender x treatment interaction was observed. Neither gender nor implant treatment affected hepatic estrogen receptor-α, hepatic IGF-1, hepatic GH receptor, GH releasing hormone receptor, GH, or pituitary estrogen receptor-α. Data indicate that implanting heifers with Synovex-plus increases serum IGF-1, but the reason for this increase cannot be explained by mRNA expression of key somatotropic genes in the present study.________________________________________________________________________________

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 56%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Effects of ovariectomy and anabolic steroid implantation on the somatotrophic axis in feedlot heifers

Bailey¹,

Duff²,

Sanders³

et al. 2008

SA J. An. Sci.

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“…dES is an estrogen that was approved by the uS Fda in 1947 for the prevention of miscarriage and was widely prescribed by doctors in the uSa until 1971 and in European countries until the late 1970s (19). researchers also reported that dES generally increased the weight gain of cattle by 15% and feed conversion improvement was normally approximately 10% (20). additionally, dES increases leanness (20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…researchers also reported that dES generally increased the weight gain of cattle by 15% and feed conversion improvement was normally approximately 10% (20). additionally, dES increases leanness (20). due to its growth stimulation and improved feed utilization, orally administered dES for cattle was approved by the uS Fda in 1954. later, an investigation found that dES was not only associated with cancer in women to whom dES was prescribed during their pregnancy, but also in their daughters (21)(22)(23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum harvested from heifers one month post-zeranol implantation stimulates MCF-7 breast cancer cell growth

Zhong

et al. 2010

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract. Breast cancer is a serious disease in the uS. numerous risk factors have been linked to this disease. the safety of using growth promoters, such as zeranol, remains under debate due to the lack of sufficient in vitro and in vivo evidence. using celltiter 96™ aqueous non-radioactive cell proliferation assay, real-time pcr and Western blot analysis, we evaluated the effects of sera harvested from experimental and control heifers before and after one month of zeranol implantation on the growth of human breast cancer cell line mcF-7 as well as the involved mechanisms. We found that sera harvested from the heifers following one month of zeranol implantation were more mitogenically potent in stimulating the proliferation of mcF-7 cells when compared to sera harvested from the same heifers before zeranol implantation and the control heifers. Further investigation found that dextran-coated charcoal suppressed the stimulating effect of the sera on mcF-7 cell growth. the mechanisms involved in the mcF-7 cell proliferation stimulated by zeranol-containing sera may include up-regulation of cyclin d1 and down-regulation of p53 and p21 expression at the mrna and protein levels in the cells. the results suggest that the consumption of beef products containing biologically active residues of zeranol or its metabolites is a risk linked to breast cancer development. Further investigation is required in order to clarify this critical issue.

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“…When used illegally in cattle feed, HES improved growth rate and increased feed conversion (Dinusson et al, 1950;Aitken and Crichton, 1956;Gill et al, 1956;Berg et al, 1999;Piersma et al, 2002). However, in most countries, the use of HES has been banned currently due to its teratogenic (Hewitt et al, 2002), mutagenic (Yu et al, 2005;Rambaud et al, 2005) and carcinogenic properties (Li et al, 1983;Li and Li 1984;Liehr et al, 1985;Jan et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of hexoestrol

Xu¹,

Peng²,

Liu³

et al. 2006

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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A competitive enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELSIA) was developed for the quantitative detection of the hexoestrol (HES). Polyclonal rabbit antisera, raised against protein conjugate hexoestrol-monocaroxyl-propyl-ethyl-bovine-serum-albumin (HES-MCPE-BSA), were utilized in immobilized antibody-based and competitive immunoassays. Assay conditions, including concentrations of antisera and horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-HES were optimized. The effect of incubation time, surfactant concentration, ionic strength and pH of the medium were also investigated. The typical calibration curve gave an average IC 50 value of 2.4 ng/mL, calibration range from 0.2 ng/mL to 30.5 ng/mL and a detection limit of 0.07 ng/mL. The specificity of the assay was tested against HES structurally related compounds, and the assay proved highly selective for HES. Assay performance was validated by using spiked urine samples.

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The Effects of Stilbestrol, Testosterone, Thyroid Alteration and Spaying on the Growth and Fattening of Beef Heifers

Cited by 66 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of ovariectomy and anabolic steroid implantation on the somatotrophic axis in feedlot heifers

Effects of ovariectomy and anabolic steroid implantation on the somatotrophic axis in feedlot heifers

Serum harvested from heifers one month post-zeranol implantation stimulates MCF-7 breast cancer cell growth

Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of hexoestrol

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