The effects of SO2 on components of leaf resistance to gas exchange

Barton, Jeffory; McLaughlin, S.B.; McConathy, R.K.

doi:10.1016/0143-1471(80)90129-4

Cited by 34 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…2. A strong decrease in net photosynthesis of the fumigated plants occurred within the first 20 min of exposure to so2 and stable rates were obtained within 2 h. This pattern is in agreement with the results of Sij & Swanson, 1974;Black & Unsworth, 1979b;Barton et al, 1980;Sisson, Booth & Throneberry, 1981;Darrall, 1986). Because steady photosynthetic rates were obtained after a short fumigation period, it can be concluded that the concentration of toxic intermediate oxidation metabolites (sulphite, bisulphite) also reached stable values.…”

Section: Biochemical Interpretation Of Gas Exchange Measurementssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Non-stomatal factors (e.g. an increase in mesophyll resistance) appear to be primarily responsible for the reduction in photosynthesis (Barton, McLaughlin & McConathy, 1980;Winner & Mooney, 1980b). No consistent effects of S0 2 on dark respiration rates have been found.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Black & Unsworth (1980) observed stomatal opening at both low and high relative humidity in Phaseolus vulgaris, while Temple, Fa & Taylor (1985) observed stomatal closure in this species. Other workers reported no change or a slight reduction in stomatal conductance (Barton et al, 1980) at low concentrations of so2 or reductions in stomatal conductance (i.e. Miiller, Miller & Spriigel, 1979;Olszyk & Tibbitts, 1981).…”

Section: Biochemical Interpretation Of Gas Exchange Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physiological effects of sulphur dioxide. 1. The effect of SO2 on photosynthesis and stomatal regulation of Vicia faba L.

Kropff

1987

Plant Cell Environ

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Abstract. The effect of short-term S0 2 fumigation on photosynthesis and transpiration of Vicia faba L.was measured at different irradiances and so2concentrations. At high irradiances photosynthetic rates were reduced when leaves were exposed to S0 2 , and the magnitude of the reduction was linearly related to the rate of S0 2 uptake through the stomata. Photosynthetic rates stabilized within 2 h after the start of fumigation.The effect of S0 2 on photosynthesis was measured at different C0 2 concentrations to analyse the contribution of stomatal and non-stomatal factors to photosynthetic inhibition. Mesophyll resistance to C0 2 diffusion increased as a result of SOi exposure and caused a rapid reduction in photosynthesis after the start of fumigation. Stomatal resistance was not affected directly by S0 2 fumigation, but indirectly as a result of a feedback loop between net photosynthesis and internal C0 2 concentration.Analysis of gas-exchange measurements in biochemical terms indicated that photosynthetic inhibition during S0 2 exposure can be explained by a stronger reduction in the affinity of RBP carboxylase/oxygenase for C0 2 than for 0 2 •

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Section: Biochemical Interpretation Of Gas Exchange Measurementssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Biochemical Interpretation Of Gas Exchange Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physiological effects of sulphur dioxide. 1. The effect of SO2 on photosynthesis and stomatal regulation of Vicia faba L.

Kropff

1987

Plant Cell Environ

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“…1992) after long-term exposure to O3. Mesophyll resistance to COg was also found to be the primary component of the SOg-induced photosynthetic suppression in Phaseolus (Barton, McLaughlin & McConathy, 1980) and in maize {Zea mays) (Gerini et al, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of ambient air pollution in open‐top chambers on bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Schenone

Fumagalli

Mignanego³

et al. 1994

New Phytologist

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S U M M A R YField-grown bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L, cv. Taylor's Horticultural) were exposed to ambient air pollution in open-top chambers (OTCs) at two sites (urban and rural) in Northern Italy. At each site three OTCs received charcoal/Purafit filtered air (F) and three ambient non-filtered air (NF). Net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration of selected leaves were measured from July to September 1989. The results showed that net photosyntbesis of NF plants decreased progressive!)' during the season in comparison with the F ones. The difference was greatest at September (-40"^.^ at urban .site and -23 % at rural site). Tbe maximum impairment of photosynthesis occurred during the ripening of tbe pods. For about 2 wk in August stomatal conductance of NF plants was greater than tbat of F plants at both sites. Later in August and in September tbe situation was reversed and stomatal conductance of NF plants was significantly lower tbati that of F ones. By this time a significant negative correlation between net photosyntbesis and sub-stomatal carbon dioxide concentration was found in NF plants at both sites, indicating an increased importance of non-stomatal limitation of photosynthesis. The measured leaves did not show any visible symptom of damage at the time of tbe physiological measurements; however brown spots on the upper surface became e^'ident later on 20 "o of total leaves of NF plants. Ambient ozone is suspected to be the major air contaminant involved in causing the observed physiological effects.

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“…Black and Unsworth (1980) however, observed stomatal opening during fumigation at both high and low relative humidities in beans while Temple et al (1985) observed stomatal closure in the same species. Others reported no changes in stomatal resistance at low S0 2 concentrations (Barton et al, 1980) or reduced stomatal resistance (e.g. Olszyk and Tibbits, 1981).…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling short-term effects of sulphur dioxide. 1. A model for the flux of SO2 into leaves and effects on leaf photosynthesis

Kropff

1989

Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology

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A model for the nux of atmospheric S0 2 into leaves and the effects of S0 2 metabolites (S(IV) compounds) on leaf photosynthesis and stomatal resistance is presented. The S(IV) balance in the leaf is determined by the rate of S0 2 uptake and S(IV) removal by oxidation to sulphate. Toxic S(IV) compounds reduce the rate of photosynthesis and induce stomatal closure as a result of feed back control of stomatal resistance by photosynthesis. Other proposed mechanisms, like effects through a pH reduction, are not likely to play a role in short-term effects of realistic S0 2 concentrations. The model contains two key parameters which desC'ribe biochemical characteristics: a time coefficient for S(IV) oxidation and a parameter describing the sensitivity of photosynthesis for S(IV).Simulation results demonstrate the potential of plants to avoid extremely toxic concentrations of S(IV) in the leaf by three mechanisms: (1) rapid oxidation of S(IV) to less toxic sulphate, (it) relatively high resistance to S0 2 uptake and (iii) feed back control between photosynthesis and stomatal resistance. S(IV) concentrations in the leaf and S0 2 concentrations in the stomatal cavities in stable situations are less than I O!o of concentrations which build up without these mechanisms. Leaf thickness appears to be an important factor determining the susceptibility of plants to air pollutants. Thin leaves should be more sensitive than thicker leaves. It is concluded that effects of so2 on photosynthesis should be related to the uptake per unit of leaf volume instead of the commonly used nux per unit leaf area. The model accurately described the time course of photosynthetic reduction during a short fumigation period and subsequent recovery period.

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The effects of SO2 on components of leaf resistance to gas exchange

Cited by 34 publications

References 22 publications

Physiological effects of sulphur dioxide. 1. The effect of SO2 on photosynthesis and stomatal regulation of Vicia faba L.

Physiological effects of sulphur dioxide. 1. The effect of SO2 on photosynthesis and stomatal regulation of Vicia faba L.

Effects of ambient air pollution in open‐top chambers on bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Modelling short-term effects of sulphur dioxide. 1. A model for the flux of SO2 into leaves and effects on leaf photosynthesis

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