The effects of semi-immersive virtual reality therapy on standing balance and upright mobility function in individuals with chronic incomplete spinal cord injury: A preliminary study

An, Chang-Man; Park, Young-Hyun

doi:10.1080/10790268.2017.1369217

Cited by 29 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…Regarding the intervention protocols, all the studies analyzed the effects of VR interventions through different technological devices compared to CPT. In terms of VR systems, most studies used the Nintendo Wii videogame console [ 22 , 38 , 44 , 45 ], video-capture systems [ 46 , 47 ], and VR-augmented therapy [ 39 , 41 , 42 ]. Another study [ 40 ] employed a VR system similar to the Nintendo Wii, based on force plates, and, finally, the last study [ 37 ] used the PlayStation 2 videogame console.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the different deficits treated, all the studies focused on their interventions to recover balance in patients with SCI. Specifically, four studies [ 37 , 38 , 43 , 44 ] analyzed the effects of VR interventions on sitting balance, while the remaining studies [ 22 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 45 , 46 , 47 ] focused on their interventions for recovering standing balance. In addition, most studies analyzed the effects of VR therapy in gait [ 39 , 41 , 42 , 45 , 47 ], and functional performance [ 22 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 42 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concerning the risk of bias of the studies included in this systematic review, the studies carried out by Khurana et al [ 37 ], and Tak et al [ 44 ] presented the lowest risk of bias. Conversely, the studies conducted by An and Park [ 46 ] and Roopchand-Martin and Bateman [ 38 ] presented the highest risk of bias. Furthermore, concerning the risk of bias among the studies analyzed, the lowest biases were found in the incomplete outcome data (0%) and the selective reporting (25%), while the highest value (100%) was found in the allocation concealment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is Virtual Reality Effective for Balance Recovery in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Miguel-Rubio

Rubio

Salazar

et al. 2020

JCM

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Virtual reality (VR) is an emerging tool used in the neurological rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI), focused on recovering balance, mobility, and motor function, among other functional outcomes. The main objective of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of VR systems to recover balance in patients with SCI. The literature search was performed between October and December 2019 in the following databases: Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus, Medline, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), PubMed, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The methodological quality of each study was assessed using the Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation Evidence (SCIRE) system and the PEDro scale, while the risk of bias was analyzed by the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool. A total of 12 studies, involving 188 participants, were included in the systematic review, of which two were included in the meta-analysis. Statistical analysis showed favorable results for balance measured by the modified Functional Reach Test (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 3.42; 95% confidence interval: 2.54 to 4.29) and by the t-shirt test (SMD= −2.29; 95% confidence interval: −3.00 to −1.59). The results showed that VR interventions provided potential benefits, in addition to conventional physical therapy, to recover balance in patients with SCI.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Is Virtual Reality Effective for Balance Recovery in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Miguel-Rubio

Rubio

Salazar

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…Only three studies reported effect sizes, which ranged from low to large treatment effects (Cohen's d values ranged from 0.41 to 1.95 and eta-squared values from 0.11 to 0.95) [33, 34, 39]. In addition, statistically significant long-term effects were observed on motor function [13, 14, 16, 31, 32, 35–37, 39], balance [14, 31, 35, 36], and pain [14, 34].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All studies had design limitations (see Risk of Bias) and hence restriction on internal or external validity. Most of the studies did not perform randomization [13, 14, 16, 17, 19, 20, 22, 26, 29–32, 36, 37] or blinding [10, 13–17, 19, 22, 26, 28–32, 34, 36, 37].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Virtual Reality Rehabilitation after Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review

Araújo

Neiva

Monteiro

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

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Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) is often associated with long-term impairments related to functional limitations in the sensorimotor system. The use of virtual reality (VR) technology may lead to increased motivation and engagement, besides allowing a wide range of possible tasks/exercises to be implemented in rehabilitation programs. The present review aims to investigate the possible benefits and efficacy of VR-based rehabilitation in individuals with SCI. Methods An electronically systematic search was performed in multiple databases (PubMed, BVS, Web of Science, Cochrane Central, and Scielo) up to May 2019. MESH terms and keywords were combined in a search strategy. Two reviewers independently selected the studies in accordance with eligibility criteria. The PEDro scale was used to score the methodological quality and risk of bias of the selected studies. Results Twenty-five studies (including 482 participants, 47.6 ± 9.5 years, 73% male) were selected and discussed. Overall, the studies used VR devices in different rehabilitation protocols to improve motor function, driving skills, balance, aerobic function, and pain level, as well as psychological and motivational aspects. A large amount of heterogeneity was observed as to the study design, VR protocols, and outcome measures used. Only seven studies (28%) had an excellent/good quality of evidence. However, substantial evidence for significant positive effects associated with VR therapy was found in most of the studies (88%), with no adverse events (88%) being reported. Conclusion Although the current evidence is limited, the findings suggest that VR-based rehabilitation in subjects with SCI may lead to positive effects on aerobic function, balance, pain level, and motor function recovery besides improving psychological/motivational aspects. Further high-quality studies are needed to provide a guideline to clinical practice and to draw robust conclusions about the potential benefits of VR therapy for SCI patients. Protocol details are registered on PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42016052629).

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Anodal transcutaneous DC stimulation enhances learning of dynamic balance control during walking in humans with spinal cord injury

et al. 2022

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The effects of semi-immersive virtual reality therapy on standing balance and upright mobility function in individuals with chronic incomplete spinal cord injury: A preliminary study

Cited by 29 publications

References 34 publications

Is Virtual Reality Effective for Balance Recovery in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Is Virtual Reality Effective for Balance Recovery in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Efficacy of Virtual Reality Rehabilitation after Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review

Anodal transcutaneous DC stimulation enhances learning of dynamic balance control during walking in humans with spinal cord injury

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