The Effects of Seawater Immersion on the Bearing Strength of Woven-Glass–Epoxy Prepreg Pin-Loaded Joints

Öndürücü, Ayşe

doi:10.1177/1056789510397708

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Finally, for an E over 12 mm (E/D > 1.5), the net tension mode becomes the predominant failure mechanism and the bearing stress trend reaches a plateau region (stage III). As is widely known [12,35], cleavage can be considered as a mixed mode between shear out and net tension because it is caused by a combination of shear and tensile stress out [12]. Frequently, it starts from the laminated edge rather than in the area surrounding the hole [5].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Aging Evaluation of the Bearing Performances of Glass Fiber Composite Laminate in Salt Spray Fog Environment

Calabrese

Fiore

Bruzzaniti

et al. 2019

Fibers

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The aim of the present paper is to assess the bearing performance evolution of pinned, glass-composite laminates due to environmental aging in salt-spray fog tests. Glass fibers/epoxy pinned laminates were exposed for up to 60 days in salt-spraying, foggy environmental conditions (according to ASTM B117 standard). In order to evaluate the relationship between mechanical failure mode and joint stability over increasing aging time, different single lap joints, measured by the changing hole diameter (D), laminate width (W) and hole free edge distance (E), were characterized at varying aging steps. Based on this approach, the property-structure relationship of glass-fibers/epoxy laminates was assessed under these critical environmental conditions. Furthermore, an experimental 2D failure map, clustering main failure modes in the plane E/D versus W/D ratios, was generated, and its cluster variation was analyzed at each degree of aging.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Aging Evaluation of the Bearing Performances of Glass Fiber Composite Laminate in Salt Spray Fog Environment

Calabrese

Fiore

Bruzzaniti

et al. 2019

Fibers

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“…The FEM is developed in the commercial software ABAQUS 6.11/standard (2011). As shown in Figure 2, considering the computing accuracy and efficiency, the pin is modeled as a rigid body and the laminate is deformable (Öndürücü, 2012). The rigid pin is simulated with 729 four-node 3D bilinear rigid quadrilateral elements (R3D4) and 704 nodes.…”

Section: Numerical Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bearing strength and failure analysis on the interference-fit double shear-lap pin-loaded composite

Zou

Zhang

Yuan

et al. 2016

International Journal of Damage Mechanics

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Interference-fit technology has a wide effect on the strength and fatigue life of composite structures. The damage around the hole may accelerate the structure failure. In this paper, a progressive damage model is developed to predict the response of interference-fit pin-loaded composite laminates during the installation and loading process with the ABAQUS subroutine user-define-field (USDFLD). The model takes contact at the pin–hole interface, the nonlinear shear stress–strain relationship and the property progressive damage into consideration. The loading procedure is separated into two parts: (a) installing the Hi-Lok pin. (b) Applying the tensile load. To predict progressive failure, the mixed failure criteria combining Hashin criteria and the maximum stress failure criteria, and the Camanho and Matthews degradation rules are conducted. The insertion load, stress and damage around the hole, load–displacement curve, and the bearing strength are predicted. A series of experiments have also been performed and the rationality of the model is testified. The parametric study is also made to analyze the effect of fit conditions on insertion load, damage, and load–displacement curve.

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“…Lincoln Inc., Costa Mesa, CA, USA). The woven pregregs were cut into laminae of 100 × 100 mm 2 after being de-frozen under the lab condition for 4-5 h. The laminae were then stacked into laminates consisting of eight layers according to a stacking sequence of [0/90] 8 . A roller was used to compact the plies during stacking in order to achieve void-free adhesion between adjacent layers.…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They exhibit light weight but high strength compared to some metals, making them an ideal material for weight-critical applications. Because of their high strength/stiffness-to-weight ratios, laminated composite materials are now widely used in aerospace structures [1,2], automobiles [3,4], sports equipment [5,6], marine applications [7,8], etc. Most polymer matrix composites (PMCs) are vulnerable to hygrothermal environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved impact response of hygrothermally conditioned carbon/epoxy woven composites

Zhong

Joshi

2015

Science and Engineering of Composite Materials

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The effects of hygrothermal conditioning and moisture on the impact resistance of carbon fiber/epoxy composite laminates were investigated. Specimens were fabricated from carbon fiber/epoxy woven prepreg materials. The fabricated specimens were either immersed in water at 80°C or subjected to hot/wet (at 80°C in water for 12 h) to cold/dry (at -30°C in a freezer for 12 h) cyclic hygrothermal conditions, which resulted in different moisture contents inside the laminates. It was found that the absorbed moisture did not migrate out from composite materials at -30°C. Neither of the hygrothermal conditions in this study had detrimental effects on the microstructure of the laminates. Low-velocity impact testing was subsequently conducted on the conditioned specimens. When attacked by the same level of impact energy, laminates with different moisture levels experienced different levels of impact damage. Moisture significantly alleviated the extent of damage in carbon fiber/ epoxy woven laminates. The elastic response of the laminate under impact was improved after hygrothermal conditioning. The mechanism behind the improved impact resistance after absorbing moisture was proposed and deliberated. NomenclatureD i Projectile deflection corresponding to incipient damage point, mm D max Maximum projectile deflection, mm D p Projectile deflection corresponding to the peak load point, mm D Z Through-the-thickness diffusivity constant, mm 2 /s DI Damping index E d Impact energy dissipated through damage creation and propagation, J E d1 Damage generation energy before the peak load point, J E d2 Damage generation energy after the peak load point, J E el Impact energy absorbed through elastic deformation, J E p Total energy absorbed corresponding to the peak load point, J E total Total impact energy or actual impact energy exerted on specimens, J F i Incipient damage load or load corresponding to the incipient damage point, kN F p Peak contact force between the impactor and the specimen, kN h Thickness of a plate, mm M f Final moisture content of specimens, % M m Effective equilibrium moisture content, % M 1 Moisture content at time t 1 , % M 2 Moisture content at time t 2 , % W i

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The Effects of Seawater Immersion on the Bearing Strength of Woven-Glass–Epoxy Prepreg Pin-Loaded Joints

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

An Aging Evaluation of the Bearing Performances of Glass Fiber Composite Laminate in Salt Spray Fog Environment

An Aging Evaluation of the Bearing Performances of Glass Fiber Composite Laminate in Salt Spray Fog Environment

Bearing strength and failure analysis on the interference-fit double shear-lap pin-loaded composite

Improved impact response of hygrothermally conditioned carbon/epoxy woven composites

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