An Aging Evaluation of the Bearing Performances of Glass Fiber Composite Laminate in Salt Spray Fog Environment

Calabrese, Luigi; Fiore, Vincenzo; Bruzzaniti, Paolo; Scalici, T.; Valenza, A.

doi:10.3390/fib7110096

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…At the same time, some promising results were obtained evaluating the durability of glass composite laminates in salt-fog environments [27]. In this case, salt-fog exposition did not modify noticeably the mechanical performances of the pinned flax/epoxy composite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Pinned Hybrid Glass-Flax Composite Laminates Aged in Salt-Fog Environment: Mechanical Durability

et al. 2019

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The aim of the present paper is to study the mechanical performance evolution of pinned hybrid glass-flax composite laminates under environment aging conditions. Hybrid glass-flax fibers/epoxy pinned laminates were exposed to salt-spray fog environmental conditions up to 60 days. With the purpose of assessing the relationship between mechanical performances and failure mechanisms at increasing aging time, single lap joints at varying joint geometry (i.e., hole diameter D and hole distance E from free edge) were characterized after 0 days (i.e., unaged samples), 30 days, and 60 days of salt-fog exposition. Based on this approach, the property–structure relationship of the composite laminates was assessed on these critical environmental conditions. In particular, a reduction of failure strength for long-aging-time-aged samples was observed in the range 20–30% compared to unaged one. Due to the natural fiber degradation in a salt-fog environment, premature catastrophic fractures mode due to shear-out and net-tension were found, related to reduced joint fracture strength. This behavior identifies that this type of joint requires a careful design in order to guarantee an effective mechanical stability of the composite hybrid joint under long-term operating conditions in an aggressive environment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Pinned Hybrid Glass-Flax Composite Laminates Aged in Salt-Fog Environment: Mechanical Durability

et al. 2019

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“…This latter is dissolved in the form of Na + cations and Cl − anions, which, being able to spread within the composite structure, favor local damages especially in its interstitial areas. This mechanism also stimulates an osmotic water diffusion at the fiber/matrix interface, which further speeds up the interfacial debonding phenomena [28,29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Mechanical Behavior Analysis of Flax/Jute Fiber-Reinforced Composites under Salt-Fog Spray Environment

2020

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Over the last decades, natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites (NFRPs) gained great attention in several engineering fields thanks to the reduction of the environmental impact and the end-of-life cost disposal. Unfortunately, the use of NFRPs is limited, mainly due to their weak resistance against humid environments. Since limited literature is available about the evolution of the dynamic mechanical response of NFRPs under aggressive environments, this paper aims to investigate the damping properties of flax, jute and flax/jute epoxy composites exposed to salt-fog up to 60 days. Furthermore, sodium bicarbonate fiber treatment was performed to improve the composites’ durability. The effectiveness of treatment was evidenced for full flax-reinforced composites, whereas no beneficial effect was found for jute composites. Moreover, treated hybrid laminates having outer laminae reinforced with flax showed better damping behavior than their hybrid counterparts during the whole aging campaign.

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“…A drop in strength to 90% was observed after the immersion in specimens without torque preload, but virtually no drop was noticed in the specimens in which the joint was preloaded by both torque values [ 58 ]. Calabrese et al studied the behaviour of glass/epoxy composite subjected to bearing test after exposure to salt-spraying, foggy conditions for 30 and 60 days to evaluate the induced change on the failure mechanisms and the consequent reduction of the joint mechanical performances compared to unaged specimens [ 59 ]. It was found out that the conditioning induced moderate reduction by maximum 28% of bearing strength for hole diameter of 8 mm and edge distance of 14 mm.…”

Section: Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was found out that the conditioning induced moderate reduction by maximum 28% of bearing strength for hole diameter of 8 mm and edge distance of 14 mm. Additionally, the conditioning caused no change in the failure mode [ 59 ].…”

Section: Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Joining of Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites to Metals—A Review. Part I: Bolted Joining

Galińska

2020

Polymers

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As the fibre reinforced plastic composites gain larger and larger share in industry, the problem of joining them with metal elements becomes significant. The current paper is the first part of the literature review, which gathers and evaluates knowledge about methods suitable for mechanical joining of composite and metal elements. This paper concerns bolted joining, because this method of mechanical joining is widely used for joining composite materials. The paper describes failure modes of bolted joints in composite materials, the influence of the bolt clamping torque, the clearance between the bolt and the hole and aging on the performance of the joint, drilling techniques used in composite materials in order to minimize damages, different fastener types, inspection techniques, and finally, the techniques that have been developed in order to improve the strength of the bolted joints in composites. Since the hole drilled in a composite material in order to perform bolted joining is a weak point of the structure, those techniques: bonded inserts, titanium foil internal inserts, fibre steering, additional reinforcement, and moulded holes, mainly aim to improve the strength of the hole in the composite. The techniques have been discussed in details and compared with each other in the summary section.

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An Aging Evaluation of the Bearing Performances of Glass Fiber Composite Laminate in Salt Spray Fog Environment

Cited by 10 publications

References 41 publications

Pinned Hybrid Glass-Flax Composite Laminates Aged in Salt-Fog Environment: Mechanical Durability

Pinned Hybrid Glass-Flax Composite Laminates Aged in Salt-Fog Environment: Mechanical Durability

Dynamic Mechanical Behavior Analysis of Flax/Jute Fiber-Reinforced Composites under Salt-Fog Spray Environment

Mechanical Joining of Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites to Metals—A Review. Part I: Bolted Joining

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