The effects of restraint stress on the neuropathogenesis of Theiler’s virus infection II: NK cell function and cytokine levels in acute disease

Welsh, C. Jane; Bustamante, L; Nayak, Malabika; Welsh, T. H.; Dean, Dana D.; Meagher, Mary W.

doi:10.1016/s0889-1591(03)00116-8

Cited by 40 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…These results indicated that stress can impair immunocompetence via the oxidation. It has been reported that restraint stress was an effective psychological stress model, 24) and psychological stress co-occurs with oxidative injury in immune cells, 25) which are susceptible to lose their activity due to the effects of ROS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Anti-stress Effects of Sarcandra glabra Extract on Restraint-Evoked Immunocompromise

He¹,

Yao

et al. 2009

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Sarcandra glabra was a renowned herb traditionally used as herbal tea or food supplement to enhance mental efficiency and to recover from stress or fatigue in China. We investigated the effects of Sarcandra glabra extract (SGE), with chemical composition clearly showed by HPLC fingerprint as quality control, on immunologic response including natural killer (NK) cell activity and its antioxidative capacity in splenocytes obtained from restraint mice. Our results found that daily oral administration of SGE (125, 500 mg/kg/d) for 5 consecutive days to restrained mice alleviated the stress-induced reduction of the number of lymphocytes, the balance of CD4 ؉ T/CD8؉ T and NK cell activity per spleen. SGE also significantly decreased the level of lipid peroxidation and increased oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) in splenocytes. These results indicated that SGE modulate stress-attenuated immunologic response, at least, partially explained by improving antioxidative capacity in immunocytes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Anti-stress Effects of Sarcandra glabra Extract on Restraint-Evoked Immunocompromise

He¹,

Yao

et al. 2009

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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“…Previous experiments indicated day 1 PI as having the most significant virus-specific increases in NK-cell lysis [33] . Therefore, this time point was used to determine the effects of stress on NK-cell effector function.…”

Section: Effects Of Rs On Nk-cell Lysismentioning

confidence: 97%

“…NK-Cell Assay NK-cell activity was assessed using a standard 51 Cr release assay as previously described using splenocytes as effectors and YAC-1 cells as targets [33] . Total 51 Cr release was determined by incubating targets with 10% Triton X-100.…”

Section: Corticosterone Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Restraint Stress Fails to Render C57BL/6 Mice Susceptible to Theiler’s Virus-Induced Demyelination

Steelman¹,

Alford²,

Young³

et al. 2009

Neuroimmunomodulation

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Objectives: Multiple sclerosis is a degenerative disease of the CNS with a pathology consistent with immunological mediation. Although its cause is unknown, multiple factors are thought to influence both the onset and exacerbation of the disease, including both genetic background as well as environmental factors. Methods: We are interested in the effect of psychological stress on the onset and exacerbation of Theiler’s virus-induced demyelinating disease (TVID), a murine model of MS in which viral persistence facilitates demyelination. In the current study, we determined whether chronic restraint stress (RS)-induced immunosuppression could result in the establishment of a persistent CNS infection in the normally TVID-resistant C57BL/6 mouse strain, resulting in demyelination. Results: Our data indicated that RS repeated over the course of 7 days was not sufficient to cause decreases in virus-specific adaptive immunity, and did not significantly alter CNS viral levels. Furthermore, chronic repeated RS lasting until 4 weeks after infection altered neither the development of virus-specific IgG nor motor function determined by Rotarod analysis. In addition, histological analysis of the CNS of stressed mice indicated no inflammation or demyelination on day 193 after infection. Conclusion: These results suggest that stress alone is not sufficient to overcome genetic resistance to TVID in the C57BL/6 mouse strain.

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“…These findings were shown using popliteal lymph node-derived NK cells during HSV footpad infection . Other viral infection models have shown that restraint stress decreases NK cell activity in the spleen (Tseng et al, 2005;Welsh et al, 2004) and at the site of infection (Hunzeker et al, 2004). Due to the technical difficulties in obtaining enough vaginal-derived NK cells to conduct cytotoxicity assays, we could not examine these cells in our model.…”

Section: Psychological Stress Impairs the Early Innate Immune Responsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological stress exacerbates primary vaginal herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection by impairing both innate and adaptive immune responses

Ashcraft¹,

Bonneau²

2008

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

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Chronic psychological stress is generally immunosuppressive and contributes to an increase in herpes simplex virus (HSV) pathogenicity. We have previously shown that mice experiencing stress at the time of intranasal HSV infection have increased levels of infectious virus in their nasal cavity, as compared to control mice that were not subjected to stress. We have extended our studies to determine the effects of stress at another clinically-relevant mucosal site by examining the immune response to and pathogenesis of vaginal HSV infection. Mice experiencing psychological stress during vaginal HSV infection exhibited an increase in both vaginal viral titers and the pathology associated with this HSV infection. We demonstrate that these observations result from the failure of both the innate and HSV-specific adaptive immune responses. At two days post-infection, NK cell numbers were significantly decreased in mice experiencing restraint stress. Studies examining the adaptive immune response revealed a decrease in the number of HSV-specific CD8 + T cells in not only the vaginal tissue itself but also the draining iliac lymph nodes (ILN). Furthermore, the number of functional cells, in terms of both their degranulation and interferon-γ production, in the ILN of stressed mice was decreased as compared to non-stressed mice. We conclude that psychological stress, through its suppression of both innate and adaptive immune responses, may be an important factor in the ability to control vaginal HSV infection.

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The effects of restraint stress on the neuropathogenesis of Theiler’s virus infection II: NK cell function and cytokine levels in acute disease

Cited by 40 publications

References 47 publications

The Anti-stress Effects of Sarcandra glabra Extract on Restraint-Evoked Immunocompromise

The Anti-stress Effects of Sarcandra glabra Extract on Restraint-Evoked Immunocompromise

Restraint Stress Fails to Render C57BL/6 Mice Susceptible to Theiler’s Virus-Induced Demyelination

Psychological stress exacerbates primary vaginal herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection by impairing both innate and adaptive immune responses

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