The Effects of Releasing Ankle Joint on Pedal Force and Power Production during Electrically Stimulated Cycling in Paraplegic Individuals: A Pilot Study

Hamdan, P. N. F.; Teo, Kai Ming; Hamzaid, Nur Azah; Usman, Juliana; Razman, Rizal

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-3737-5_26

Cited by 1 publication

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References 13 publications

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“…This is because of the limited muscle endurance due to early onset of muscle fatigue among SCI-affected individuals. 25 Hence, optimization of power production during FES-evoked cycling 26 results in increased fatigue resistance. 27 It has also been shown that FES-evoked cycling requires a more complex motion, making it difficult to stimulate the muscles accurately.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of the Cybathlon championship to the literature on functional electrical stimulation cycling among individuals with spinal cord injury: A bibliometric review

Hamdan

Hamzaid

Razak

et al. 2022

Journal of Sport and Health Science

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of the Cybathlon championship to the literature on functional electrical stimulation cycling among individuals with spinal cord injury: A bibliometric review

Hamdan

Hamzaid

Razak

et al. 2022

Journal of Sport and Health Science

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Effects of releasing ankle joint during electrically evoked cycling in persons with motor complete spinal cord injury

Hamdan,

Hamzaid,

Hasnan

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Literature has shown that simulated power production during conventional functional electrical stimulation (FES) cycling was improved by 14% by releasing the ankle joint from a fixed ankle setup and with the stimulation of the tibialis anterior and triceps surae. This study aims to investigate the effect of releasing the ankle joint on the pedal power production during FES cycling in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI). Seven persons with motor complete SCI participated in this study. All participants performed 1 min of fixed-ankle and 1 min of free-ankle FES cycling with two stimulation modes. In mode 1 participants performed FES-evoked cycling with the stimulation of quadriceps and hamstring muscles only (QH stimulation), while Mode 2 had stimulation of quadriceps, hamstring, tibialis anterior, and triceps surae muscles (QHT stimulation). The order of each trial was randomized in each participant. Free-ankle FES cycling offered greater ankle plantar- and dorsiflexion movement at specific slices of 20° crank angle intervals compared to fixed-ankle. There were significant differences in the mean and peak normalized pedal power outputs (POs) [F(1,500) = 14.03, p < 0.01 and F(1,500) = 7.111, p = 0.008, respectively] between fixed- and free-ankle QH stimulation, and fixed- and free-ankle QHT stimulation. Fixed-ankle QHT stimulation elevated the peak normalized pedal PO by 14.5% more than free-ankle QH stimulation. Releasing the ankle joint while providing no stimulation to the triceps surae and tibialis anterior reduces power output. The findings of this study suggest that QHT stimulation is necessary during free-ankle FES cycling to maintain power production as fixed-ankle.

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The Effects of Releasing Ankle Joint on Pedal Force and Power Production during Electrically Stimulated Cycling in Paraplegic Individuals: A Pilot Study

Cited by 1 publication

References 13 publications

Contributions of the Cybathlon championship to the literature on functional electrical stimulation cycling among individuals with spinal cord injury: A bibliometric review

Contributions of the Cybathlon championship to the literature on functional electrical stimulation cycling among individuals with spinal cord injury: A bibliometric review

Effects of releasing ankle joint during electrically evoked cycling in persons with motor complete spinal cord injury

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