“…Moreover, most PFs have a sentence-like (Pawley, 2007), discontinuous or semi-fixed composition (Wray, 2002), which makes their acquisition and processing challenging. To ensure better acquisition of such formulas, teachers are encouraged to use such techniques as ethnography and speech act analysis (Cohen, 2005), contextualized input tasks (Bardovi-Harlig & Vellenga, 2012), metapragmatic discussions (Kasper, 2001), and pragmalinguistic recasts (Fukuya & Zhang, 2002) in combination with awareness-raising methods.…”