The Effects of Plant‐protein‐based Diets Supplemented with Yucca on Growth, Digestibility, and Chemical Composition of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, L) Fingerlings

Abstract

Replacement of fish meal (FM) protein with dehulled and solvent‐extracted plant by‐products, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, sunflower meal, and linseed meal was tested in diets for juvenile Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Fish averaging (±SD) 14.2 ± 2.9 g were divided into 18 groups and fed for 6 mo on pelleted feed containing each of the plant protein meal supplemented with Yucca schidigera powder extract at 750 mg/kg. Methionine (1%) and lysine (0.5%) were added to each diet except the control diet (FMC), while diet FMC + Y was supplemented with yucca only. Three groups of fish were fed each of six isonitrogenous (25% crude protein) and isocaloric (4.3 kcal/g) diets replacing 100% of FM protein and performance compared against a nutritionally balanced control and a commercial tilapia feed. After 6 mo of feeding, the fish fed plant protein diets supplemented with yucca exhibited growth performance not differing significantly from that of fish fed FMC + Y, while differing significantly from the control FMC and diet linseed meal (LSM). The highest apparent protein digestibility coefficient was observed for diets treated with yucca, which was significantly higher than that observed for the control diet FMC. No significant differences were found in whole‐body moisture of fish fed different experimental diets. An increase in the whole‐body protein content was observed in fish fed diets supplemented with yucca, which was significantly different from that of the diet FMC. The whole‐body fat content of Nile tilapia was low and showed significant differences among treatments supplemented with yucca compared with the control diet FMC. The whole‐body energy content showed the same trend as whole‐body fat content.

Effect of dietary protein source and time on alkaline proteolytic activity of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

“…Several studies have demonstrated similar encouraging results in the biological performance while replacing fish meal in diets for tilapia, using either single ingredients to replace it (Soybean meal: Shiau et al 1987Shiau et al , 1989Deyab and El-Saidy 2002;Gaber 2006. Sunflower seed meal: Olvera-Novoa et al 2002;Gaber 2006.…”

“…Linseed meal: Gaber 2006. Cottonseed meal: El-Sayed 1990Mbahinzireki et al 2001;Gaber 2006) or mixtures of numerous plant protein sources (El-Saidy and Gaber 2003;Borgeson et al 2006). The SGR attained in this study (1.04-1.57% day -1 ) are comparable to other values reported by Mbahinzireki et al (2001) ranging from 1.0 to 1.4% day -1 when dietary fish meal was replaced by cottonseed meal, or by El-Saidy and Gaber (2003), with SGR ranging from 1.4 to 1.6% day -1 when they replaced fishmeal by a mixture of plant protein sources.…”

Evaluation of different dietary additives based on growth performance, innate immunity and disease resistance in juvenile Amur catfish, Silurus asotus

“…BG and CONT diets showed no significant differences in case of the whole body crude lipid content. Gaber (2006) reported the higher body protein content in Nile tilapia fed the Yucca-supplemented diet compared with the control diet and significantly lower body lipid content than that of the control diet. Similarly, Yilmaz et al (2012) also reported lower crude lipid content in sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax fed the herbal extracts compared with the control diet.…”

“…Yucca extracts have been found to promote growth, improve immune system, antimicrobial ability and stimulate appetite and anti-stress characteristics. Inclusion levels of yucca extract in aqua feeds include: 0.075% (Gaber 2006) and 0.1-0.58% for Nile tilapia (Njagi et al 2017), 0.1% for striped catfish (Güroy et al 2014). The b-glucan (BG) is an inactivated natural microbial product that is also recognized for its immunomodulatory roles in aquatic organisms (NRC 2011).…”

Responsible Fishmeal Consumption and Alternatives in the Face of Climate Changes

“…Increasing fishmeal cost, irregular supply, decreasing availability, and poor quality of fishmeal have put forward highlighting on its partial or complete substitution with other alternative protein sources (Ramachandran and Ray, 2007). Currently, a lot of studies have been conducted to assess the partial or complete substitution of fishmeal in feed diets for tilapia with less expensive as well as locally available plant and animal protein sources (Fasakin et al, 2005;Borgeson et al, 2006;Gaber, 2006;Goda et al, 2007;Schuchardt et al, 2008;Soltan et al, 2008;Ali et al, 2008;Metwally and El-Gellal, 2009;Mohammad and Abdel-Tawwab, 2011;Labib et al, 2012;Abo-State et al, 2014;Hassan et al, 2015;Labib et al, 2015;Yones and Metwalli, 2015;Sharawya et al, 2016;Al-Asgah et al, 2016;. The review in hands aims to appraise the diverse types of fishmeal substituents and draw attention to the most proper alternatives in fish diets.…”