The effects of n-acetylcysteine and desferoxamine on IL-6, TNF-a, and oxLDL after infrarenal aortic clamping

Abstract

Aim-Background: Treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms remains a challenging task. We examined the effects of n-acetylcysteine and desferoxamine on interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-a, and oxidized low density lipoprotein after infrarenal aortic clamping.Methods: Fifteen piglets were assigned to three groups. The control group (Group C) received saline as placebo (10-mL dilution, bolus), whereas the Group of n-acetylcysteine (Group NAC) received 150mg/kg IV n-acetylcysteine 30 min prior to aortic clamping and 50mg/kg/h after its release (reperfusion). The desferoxamine group (Group D) received IM 100mg/kg/d desferoxamine for 3 days prior to the experiment.Results: Interleukin-6 increased significantly one hour after aortic clamping, while administration of desferoxamine and n-acetylcysteine had no effect on its production. Tumour necrosis factor-a increased after aortic clamping and failed to normalise during the experiment in all groups. At 2 hours post-reperfusion, desferoxamine had a modest effect on tumour necrosis factor-a values, while in Group NAC, tumour necrosis factor-a had decreased by 50% at 10 min post-reperfusion. Oxidized low density lipoprotein in Group C did not increase significantly from baselines values. In Groups D and NAC, oxidized low density lipoprotein had increased at 10 min post-reperfusion, after which it progressively decreased until 2 hours post-reperfusion.Conclusions: Interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-a increased significantly after aortic clamping. Administration of desferoxamine and n-acetylcysteine had no effect on interleukin-6, while administration of n-acetylcysteine reduced tumour necrosis factor-a by 50% at 10 min post-reperfusion. Although in Groups D and NAC oxidized low density lipoprotein increased post-reperfusion, it progressively decreased with time.

The effect of antioxidant supplementation on bacterial translocation after intestinal ischemia and reperfusion

“…NAC is converted, in vivo, to l-cysteine, which is used in the repletion process of intracellular glutathione [7]. NAC protects against I/R-induced tissue damage due to its ability to scavenge ROS and its anti-inflammatory effects such as suppression of cytokine expression/release, inhibition of adhesion molecule expression and inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B actions [25][26][27][28]. Use of NAC in animal models of I/R injury demonstrated positive results [25,29].…”

Argon Attenuates Multiorgan Failure in Relation with HMGB1 Inhibition

“…In a previous report after generalized ischemia, we indeed also observed that IL-6 was activated very early, whereas IL-1β or tumor necrosis factor-alpha were not [ 27 ]. An increase in IL-6 has been also reported in swine undergoing infra-renal clamping [ 28 ]. Conversely, argon did not significantly modify mRNA blood levels of several cytokines in a previous study in similar conditions, suggesting that argon only reduced reactivity of inflammatory cells through reduced HMGB1 levels but not transcription levels.…”

“…After a period of stabilization, supra-coeliac aorta was occluded with a vascular clamp. The occlusion was released after 30 min of aortic cross-clamping, as previously described [ 2 , 28 ]. To optimize hemodynamics, additional administration of saline (10 mL/kg i.v) was performed just after unclamping, followed by a continuous infusion (10 mL/kg/h i.v) until the end of experiment.…”