The effects of muscular dystrophy on the craniofacial shape of <i>Mus musculus</i>

Jones, Donna C.; Zelditch, Miriam Leah; Peake, Paula Lightfoot; German, Rebecca Z.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2007.00730.x

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…At the level of individuals, mechanical stress arising from muscle function during mastication might be partially or completely responsible for the growth of morphogenetic components that serve as points of muscle attachment (Mavropoulos et al 2004; Jones et al 2007; Rot‐Nikcevic et al 2007; Zelditch et al 2009). In conjunction with the muscle attachment sites, the points where reaction forces are observed (jaw joints and bite points) are also strained during mastication (Herring et al 2001; Ross and Metzger 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Radiations, Ecological Specialization, and the Evolutionary Integration of Complex Morphological Structures

2010

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The evolutionary integration of complex morphological structures is a macroevolutionary pattern in which morphogenetic components evolve in a coordinated fashion, which can result from the interplay among processes of developmental, genetic integration, and different types of selection. We tested hypotheses of ecological versus developmental factors underlying patterns of within-species and evolutionary integration in the mandible of phyllostomid bats, during the most impressive ecological and morphological radiation among mammals. Shape variation of mandibular morphogenetic components was associated with diet, and the transition of integration patterns from developmental to within-species to evolutionary was examined. Within-species (as a proxy to genetic) integration in different lineages resembled developmental integration regardless of diet specialization, however, evolutionary integration patterns reflected selection in different mandibular components. For dietary specializations requiring extensive functional changes in mastication patterns or biting, such as frugivores and sanguivores, the evolutionary integration pattern was not associated with expected within-species or developmental integration. On the other hand, specializations with lower mastication demands or without major functional reorganization (such as nectarivores and carnivores), presented evolutionary integration patterns similar to the expected developmental pattern. These results show that evolutionary integration patterns are largely a result of independent selection on specific components regardless of developmental modules.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Radiations, Ecological Specialization, and the Evolutionary Integration of Complex Morphological Structures

2010

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“…Cheverud (1982, 1995) suggested that environmental integration is strong in functionally or developmentally integrated traits when the neurocranium and viscerocranium are treated as two different units, whereas genetic integration is stronger than environmental and phenotypic integration when the skull is considered as a whole. This differential growth rate probably reflects the functional demands of the viscerocranium and the application of muscular forces to the facial skull on aging (Lightfoot & German, 1998; Jones et al ., 2007). Evidence from the present study supports the idea that the functional demands of the viscerocranium are greater after birth and that, to reach functional adult proportions, growth in this area occurs at a higher rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal malnutrition during lactation reduces skull growth in weaned rat pups: Experimental and morphometric investigation

Fernandes

Abreu

Silva

et al. 2008

Anatomical Science International

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The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of maternal protein and energy restriction during lactation on the bodyweight and skull dimensions of pups at weaning. At parturition, Wistar rat dams were randomly assigned to the following groups: (i) control group (C), free access to a standard laboratory diet containing 23% protein; (ii) protein-energy-restricted group (PER), free access to an isoenergetic, protein-restricted diet containing 8% protein; and (iii) energy-restricted group (ER), restricted amounts of a standard laboratory diet. The dimensions of excised pup skulls were measured directly using pre-established anatomical points. Morphometrical analysis of the skulls showed that most of the measurements in the ER and PER groups were significantly lower than in the control group, with the greatest reductions occurring in the PER group. These results show that protein and energy restriction during lactation have an important influence on pup skull development.

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“…Descriptions of the masticatory muscles will be reported, comparisons with previous work will be made, and current controversies will be addressed. Given the importance of rodents and knowledge of their musculature to many scientific disciplines other than anatomy, in particular evolutionary developmental biology (Hallgrímsson et al, 2007; Jones et al, 2007; Hallgrímsson and Lieberman, 2008; Parsons et al, 2008), it is felt that such a review is timely and necessary.…”

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confidence: 99%

Changes in bone mineral density and body composition during initial and long‐term gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist treatment for prostate carcinoma

Lee

McGovern

Finkelstein

et al. 2005

Cancer

137

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BACKGROUNDInitial treatment with a gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist increases fat mass, decreases lean body mass, and decreases bone mineral density (BMD) in men with prostate carcinoma. To the authors' knowledge, little is known regarding either the long‐term effects of treatment or predictors of treatment‐related changes in BMD and body composition.METHODSThe authors analyzed prospective 12‐month data from 65 men during initial and long‐term GnRH agonist treatment for prostate carcinoma. Relationships between baseline characteristics (age, treatment duration, body mass index, and baseline values for outcome of interest) and changes in lean mass, fat mass, and BMD were assessed using univariate and multivariate regression models.RESULTSMean BMD of total hip decreased by 1.9 ± 2.7%, lean body mass decreased by 2.0 ± 3.3%, and fat mass increased by 6.6 ± 9.4% at 12 months (P < 0.001 for each comparison). Twenty‐three men (35%) had received treatment with a GnRH agonist before study entry, and the mean (± standard deviation) duration of previous treatment was 35 ± 41 months. Longer duration of previous GnRH agonist treatment was found to independently predict less fat accumulation and less loss of lean body mass in multivariate models. In contrast, the duration of GnRH agonist treatment did not significantly predict changes in BMD. Other covariates did not appear to predict changes in body composition or BMD consistently.CONCLUSIONSThe results of the current study showed that fat mass increased and lean body mass decreased mostly during initial GnRH agonist therapy whereas BMD decreased steadily during initial and long‐term treatment. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.

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The effects of muscular dystrophy on the craniofacial shape of Mus musculus

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

Adaptive Radiations, Ecological Specialization, and the Evolutionary Integration of Complex Morphological Structures

Adaptive Radiations, Ecological Specialization, and the Evolutionary Integration of Complex Morphological Structures

Maternal malnutrition during lactation reduces skull growth in weaned rat pups: Experimental and morphometric investigation

Changes in bone mineral density and body composition during initial and long‐term gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist treatment for prostate carcinoma

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