The Effects of Luteolin on the Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential protective effect of the flavonoid Luteolin on ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in mouse intestine, which has not previously been studied. Twenty-four female C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to four groups, each consisting of 6 mice: a sham group (laparotomy, but no IR injury), a sham + Luteolin group (no IR, and Luteolin was administered intraperitoneally 30 min after laparotomy), IR group (30 min occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) then 2 hr' reperfusion), IR + Luteolin (30 min occlusion of the SMA then 2 hr' reperfusion; Luteolin was administered intraperitoneally before reperfusion). Intestine tissues were harvested from the mice for histopathological and biochemical analysis. Total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of the intestinal tissues were measured using Erel's method. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated using the TOS/TAC ratio. Intestinal histological changes were significantly decreased in the IR + Luteolin group compared with the IR group (p = .037). TOS tissue levels were also significantly decreased in the IR + Luteolin group compared with the IR group (p = .005). TAC levels did not increase significantly in the IR treatment group and were not affected by Luteolin treatment (p > .05). The results of this study show that Luteolin administration provides considerable protection against IR injury in the mouse intestine.

Enhancement of Exercise Performance by 48 Hours, and 15-Day Supplementation with Mangiferin and Luteolin in Men

“…The latter, combined with the greater level of muscle deoxygenation during the first 5 s of ischemia in the experiments performed with polyphenols (Figure 4), suggests that when the PO 2 is very low, as expected when ischemia is applied after maximal exercise [49], mitochondrial bioenergetics is likely enhanced by the administration of mangiferin + luteolin. This observation concurs with animal studies showing that luteolin [74,75,76,77,78] and mangiferin [79] attenuate the ischemia-reperfusion injury in different tissues. This protective effect of both polyphenols has been attributed to their potent direct free-radical scavenging properties and their inhibitory action on the superoxide-generating enzymes XO and NOX, which are activated during sprint exercise [10] and ischemia-reperfusion [76,79,80,81].…”

Fetuin-A exerts a protective effect against experimentally induced intestinal ischemia/reperfusion by suppressing autophagic cell death

“…These inflammatory mediators damage the mucosal epithelium and stimulate the production of extracellular matrix ROS and cytotoxic mediators that trigger the inflammatory reaction cascade characterizing I/R insult. 43 Wehner et al 44 indicated that the released inflammatory cytokines induced an inhibition in small intestine motility and intestinal obstruction. Furthermore, IL-1b plays an essential role in decreased gastrointestinal smooth muscle contractility in Th1 cytokine-dominant colitis by downregulating CPI-17 expression, which is a phosphorylationdependent myosin phosphatase inhibitory protein.…”

Mangifera indica L. Leaf Extract in Combination With Luteolin or Quercetin Enhances VO2peak and Peak Power Output, and Preserves Skeletal Muscle Function During Ischemia-Reperfusion in Humans

“…The two supplements containing MLE had positive effects on performance, however, our data point toward some superiority of the MLE/quercetin/tiger nut extract over the combination MLE/Luteolin, particularly regarding the effects on ischemia/reperfusion. Although luteolin attenuates the ischemia/reperfusion injury in several tissues (Karakaş et al, 2014 ; Hong et al, 2017 ; Liu et al, 2017 ; Du et al, 2018 ) it remains unknown whether luteolin prevents the ischemia/reperfusion injury in skeletal muscle. In contrast, at least one study has shown that quercetin protects skeletal muscle from ischemia/reperfusion injury in rodents submitted to ischemia for 3 h (Ekinci Akdemir et al, 2016 ).…”

“…Both enzyme activities, XO and NOX, play a critical role in RONS generation during intense exercise (Morales-Alamo and Calbet, 2014 ) and ischemia/reperfusion events (Berry and Hare, 2004 ). Luteolin mitigates ischemia/reperfusion damage in cell cultures (Tian et al, 2018 ) and animals (Karakaş et al, 2014 ; Hong et al, 2017 ; Liu et al, 2017 ; Luo et al, 2017 ; Du et al, 2018 ).…”