The Effects of Lipomul, CCK, and TRH on Gallbladder Emptying

Oral Cholecystagogue Cholescintigraphy

“…24 It has also been described as palatable in previous studies. 20,25 Unfortunately, this meal lacks sufficiently established normal values at this time. This represents an opportunity for further research to establish the reference range values for this meal.…”

Usefulness of fatty meal-stimulated cholescintigraphy in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic acalculous cholecystitis

“…The occasional side effects observed in subjects receiving high doses of exogenous CCK infusion are not seen following a test meal [19]. Shafer et al [20] have shown that in normal subjects the fatty meal produced a consistent and more predictable effect on gallbladder emptying as compared with CCK.…”

Gallbladder ejection fraction measured by fatty meal cholescintigraphy: is it affected by extended gallbladder emptying data acquisition time?

“…Although exogenous CCK is widely used to induce gallbladder contraction in CS, fatty meal was found to be a good alternative to CCK [5][6][7][8][9][10]. In addition, fatty meal is more physiologic cholagogue stimulant than exogenous CCK [5][6][7][11][12][13]. Fatty meal releases not only endogenous CCK but also other gastrointestinal hormones such as gastrins that affect gallbladder contraction and emptying [5,11].…”

“…However, the release of endogenous CCK is the main mechanism by which the ingestion of a test meal causes gallbladder contraction [16]. Shafer et al [12] found that in normal subjects the fatty meal produced a consistent and more predictable effect on gallbladder emptying, compared with CCK. It was reported that the nonphysiological pharmacodynamics and supraphysiological dose of exogenous CCK may be reasons for the more variable and less complete gallbladder emptying [14].…”

“…Fatty meal was found to be a good alternative to CCK in CS for GBEF measurement [5][6][7][8][9][10]. Although fatty meal as a cholagogue stimulant for gallbladder contraction is not used as frequent as CCK, it is more physiologic than CCK [5][6][7][11][12][13]. However, fatty meal as a cholagogue stimulant in CS has a debatable potential disadvantage that GBEF measurement is time dependant and gallbladder emptying has to be monitored for a minimum of 60 min after test meal ingestion [5,8,11].…”