The Effects of Javanese Turmeric (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb) on Fibroblasts, Granulation, Blood Vessel Density, and Contraction in Wound Healing of STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Diabetic ulcers usually occur in the lower extremities of diabetic patients. One in 20 diabetic patients will develop an ulcer, and 10% of those cases lead to amputation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Javanese turmeric (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb.) extract on the number of fibroblasts, granulation, blood vessel, and the rate of wound contraction in a Wistar rat model of the diabetic ulcer. This was an experimental study with post-test observations only and randomized control group design. Rats were divided into five groups: (1) negative control (KN); (2) positive control (KP); (3) P1; (4) P2; and (5) P3. Every rat was assessed for fibroblast number, granulation, blood vessel density, and wound contraction percentage. Javanese turmeric extract had a significant effect on histological parameters (fibroblast, blood vessels and tissue granulation) (p < 0.05) and wound contraction (p < 0.05). The double linear test revealed a significant relationship between fibroblasts, granulation, blood vessel quantity, and wound contraction (p < 0.05). Correlation and regression tests showed that Javanese turmeric extract explained 91% of the effects on fibroblasts, blood vessels, and granulation. Treatment with Javanese turmeric extract increased the number of fibroblasts, tissue granulation, blood vessel density and wound contraction in male diabetic Wistar rats.

The effect of 5% Curcuma xanthorrhiza extract gel on diabetic rat socket: A fibroblast analysis

“…According to Mardiyantoro et al, 34 an increased number of fibroblast cells indicates an improvement in the rat sockets' wound healing process, suggesting that the 5% C. xanthorrhiza extract gel can enhance the wound healing process. Other studies, such as Kristianto's, 35 support these findings, showing a significant impact of C. xanthorrhiza extract administration on diabetic rat wound tissue, with more fibroblast cells in the treatment group than in the negative control group. The increased number of fibroblast cells is attributed to the active compounds present in the extract, such as curcumin, flavonoids, and saponins, which can enhance fibroblast cell proliferation and activate their forming factors.…”

The effect of Temulawak extract gel on angiogenesis and re-epithelization rate post-tooth extraction of Wistar rats

“…Curcuminoids can stimulate growth factors such as TGF-𝛽, which play a role in early granulation tissue formation during wound healing. TGF-𝛽 also stimulates the formation of new blood vessels, thereby expediting the wound healing process (Heri et al, 2022). Curcuminoids possess anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting COX-2 and LOX enzymes, which are significant during the inflammation phase.…”

“…The faster the re-epithelialization process, the quicker the wound closure, leading to an expedited wound healing process. One sign of a successful re-epithelialization process is the absence of an epithelial gap or complete closure of the epithelial gap (Primadina, Basori, and Perdanakusuma, 2019;Kamal et al, 2021;Heri et al, 2022).…”

“…Temulawak contains flavonoids and tannins with astringent properties that cause wound contraction, reducing the surface area that needs to be covered by epithelial cells. These flavonoids can stimulate the formation of new epithelial cells and angiogenesis, speeding up the re-epithelialization process (Palumpun, Wiraguna, and Pangkahila, 2017;Kristianto, 2021;Heri et al, 2022). The abundance of bioactive substances in temulawak supports its significant potential for accelerating wound healing, providing greater comfort to patients, especially after tooth extraction.…”

Effectivity of 5% Temulawak Extract (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) on Post-Extraction Fibroblast Cells in Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

“…[7][8][9] Previous studies have stated that Curcuma xanthorrhiza extract is effective in accelerating the healing progress of a second-degree burn wound. 8,[10][11][12] In their research, 5% Curcuma xanthorrhiza extract showed a significant result with a 40% wound closure rate on the 9 th day, as proved by the formation of granulation tissue. 7 The granulation tissue is a result of fibroblast proliferation and angiogenesis, which aid in faster wound closure.…”