The effects of inflammatory response associated with traumatic spinal cord injury in cutaneous wound healing and on expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β₁) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-A at the wound site in rats

Abstract

At the cellular level, spinal cord injury (SCI) provokes an inflammatory response that generates substantial secondary damage within the cord, but also may contribute to its repair. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of inflammatory response associated with SCI in cutaneous wound healing and on expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-A at the wound site in rats. At the 14th day analysis, the mean TGF-beta1 score in trauma group (I) was significantly lower than that in control group (C) (2.60 +/- 0.90 vs. 3.64 +/- 0.37, respectively; p < 0.05). The mean score for PDGF-A expression in group I was similar to the corresponding value in group C (2.42 +/- 0.74 vs. 2.94 +/- 0.72, respectively). Compared to group C, group I had significantly lower mean scores for epidermal and dermal regeneration, but higher mean scores for granulation tissue thickness and similar scores for angiogenesis. The dermal layer contains diffuse deposition of collagen fibers that are not organised as in control rat skin, and intraepidermal and subepidermal vasocongestion is distinct. Based on the results on the parameters evaluated in the study, experimental SCI in rats results in delay in wound healing and low intensity of TGF-beta1 in the dorsal wound-tissue specimens.

Effects of parenteral nutritional support with fish-oil emulsion on spinal cord recovery in rats with traumatic spinal cord injury

“…Lipid emulsions rich in fatty acids are already used for nutritional support in various patients, including surgical and critically ill patients (5,8,13). Many studies show that omega-3 PUFAs have significant therapeutic potential in SCI and our data suggest a similar result (3,9,11,15).…”

Spinal Cord Injury Suppresses Cutaneous Inflammation: Implications for Peripheral Wound Healing

“…To date, few studies have evaluated the effects of experimental SCI on cutaneous immunity. 21,52 Novel data in the current report show definitive time-dependent changes in macrophage recruitment to the inflamed skin below the level of SCI. Specifically, serial in vivo imaging techniques show that macrophage recruitment to sites of cutaneous inflammation is suppressed by *50% as early as 2 days after SCI, with persistent deficits evident until at least 5 dpi (Fig.…”

A Comparison Study of Growth Factor Expression following Treatment with Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation, Saline Solution, Povidone-Iodine, and Lavender Oil in Wounds Healing

“…PDGF plays a role in every stage of wound healing [33]. In addition, PDGF plays an important role in the maturation of blood vessels [34]. It is also involved in reepithelialization by increasing the production of IGF-1 and thrombospondin-1 in vitro .…”