The Effects of Implant Stiffness on the Bypassed Bone Mineral Density and Facet Fusion Stiffness of the Canine Spine

Magneto-mechanical stimulation of bone growth in a bonded array of ferromagnetic fibres

“…Associated strains within the bone need to reach levels of at least about 1 millistrain in order to stimulate significant beneficial effects [3][4][5]. Prosthetic implants must support substantial loads, but equally important is that they should adhere well to the surrounding bone and that they should not be so stiff as to shield it from the development of stress [6][7][8]. The latter two requirements would be well satisfied by making implants from porous and permeable metallic materials.…”

Evaluation of indication-based use of transpedicular instrumentations with different rigidity for lumbar spinal fusion: a prospective pilot study with 3 years of follow-up

“…Hyper-rigid instrumentation for lumbar spinal fusion is said to promote adjacent segment instability, stress shielding, and retarded load transfer from the implant to the bony fusion mass [3,5,7,10,14,19,20,22,23,35]. Adjacent segment instability is attributed to rigid instrumentation [38].…”

A new semirigid implant for instrumentation of scoliosis: preliminary report

“…This effect is directly related to the system's stiffness, and is less pronounced with more elastic systems. Between 1988 and, the year when the DDS implant finished undergoing comprehensive biomechanical testing [5,30,31,33], such stress protection with osteopenia and contingent graft resorption was the subject under debate in several original publications [6,7,10,14,22,27,28,42]. The concept that stress shielding may lead to bone graft resorption, osteopenia, and implant failure in the spine was made particularly popular by Goel et al [17] and Kabins et al [23].…”