The Effects of Holding Time and the Sweeping Nitrogen Gas Flowrates on the Pyrolysis of EFB using a Fixed–Bed Reactor

Mohamed, Alina Rahayu; Hamzah, Zainab; Daud, Mohamed Zulkali Mohamed; Zakaria, Zaki Yamani

doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2013.02.024

Cited by 56 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Recently Mohamed et al investigated the effect of N 2 flowrate on product yield using empty fruit bunch pyrolysis. Focusing on gas production, a slight increase was concluded as a function of N 2 flowrate (between 150 and 500 mL min −1 ) 49 . Chen et al studied the influence of residence time of the volatile phase on the gas yield during rice straw and sawdust pyrolysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Focusing on gas production, a slight increase was concluded as a function of N 2 flowrate (between 150 and 500 mL min −1 ). 49 Chen et al studied the influence of residence time of the volatile phase on the gas yield during rice straw and sawdust pyrolysis. The gas yield changed from 35.5 to 41.2 wt% for rice straw and from 42.2 to 47.2 wt% in case of sawdust by increasing the residence time from 1.3 to 10 seconds.…”

Section: Effect Of Fluid Residence Time On Gas Productmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catalytic co‐pyrolysis of packaging plastic and wood waste to achieve H ₂ rich syngas

et al. 2020

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In this work, the co-pyrolysis of pine sawdust and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) was performed in a two-stage fixed-bed reactor to achieve hydrogenrich syngas and to investigate the effect of the parameters on gas yield and composition. Gas chromatography was used to confirm the content of the gas products. The pyrolysis was supported with Ni (in 5-25 wt%) loaded on activated carbon (AC). The maximum hydrogen concentration was 392.8 mmol g −1 sample, which was achieved by the use of the 10% Ni-AC catalyst. The influence of Ni loading on supporter was investigated by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope techniques besides the thermogravity analysis. The increasing size of the Ni particles can be observed as a function of the Ni concentration on the catalyst. Carbon deposition was detected and the amorphous carbon seems more dominant than filamentous form. In addition, the effect of fluid residence time (water inlet and purge gas) on syngas yield was studied. Three different fluid residence times were investigated, and among them, the highest hydrogen yield was 392.8 mmol g −1 sample at 1.57 minutes residence time. Furthermore, the catalyst lifetime was studied using 10 wt% of Ni containing AC, and the average hydrogen concentration was 196.0 mmol g −1 sample over 15 cycles.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Fluid Residence Time On Gas Productmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic co‐pyrolysis of packaging plastic and wood waste to achieve H ₂ rich syngas

et al. 2020

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“…On contrary, fixed carbon at low torrefaction temperatures (200-220 °C) of TEFB decreased by 46 % which is significant. This trend can be explained by the dehydration and decarboxylation of hemicellulose which occurring at lower torrefaction temperature [30,31]. During the dehydration and decarboxylation, hemicellulose decomposes into H 2 O, CO 2 , CO and solid char as well as low molecular weight hydrocarbon [28].…”

Section: Proximate Analysis Of Efb Defb Tefb and Tdefbmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…According to kinetic equation 7, the plot of ln[-ln(1-α)/T 2 ] against 1/T give a correlation straight line with the first order kinetics. The activation energy and the pre-exponential factor, ln A can be determined from the slope and the intercept of the straight line, respectively [31].…”

Section: Exp( )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristic, Thermochemical Behaviors and Kinetic of Demineralized and Torrefied Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB)

Kasim¹,

Ismail²,

Mohamed³

et al. 2018

Adv. sci. technol. eng. syst. j.

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A sequential pre-treatment of demineralization and torrefaction, was carried out on palm empty fruit bunches (EFB). EFB and demineralized EFB (DEFB) were torrefied in a vertical tubular reactor in the temperature range of 200 to 280 °C for 30 mins under nitrogen (flow rate:100 mL/min. The pretreated samples were characterized using proximate and ultimate analyses, fuel properties, and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy techniques. The thermal and kinetic study on the torrefied samples were carried out using thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed that sequential pretreatment enhances the properties of solid EFB by increasing the carbon content and reducing the oxygen content with increasing the calorific value. Fuel properties of torrefied samples showed the mass and energy yield decreased, with an increase in energy density. In addition, the FTIR spectra showed the decomposition of hemicellulose occurring for torrefied samples as evidenced by the disappearance of the vibrational features belonging to hydroxyl and carbonyl groups. The kinetic study carried out using Coats-Redfern method on torrefied samples suggested that the activation energy can be transferred by the sequential pre-treatment, indicating that the abundant energy it has can be converted into bio oil of high quality. Apparently, torrefied samples bear high potential to be used as biofuel feedstock when exposed to further thermal decomposition and pyrolysis processes.

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“…Slow pyrolysis occurs at temperatures around 400 to 500 °C with a relatively long residence time by utilizing high volatile matter from the material. In slow pyrolysis with temperatures around 450 °C more bio-oil can be produced compared to char and gas [4]. Gas contained in volatile matter produces uncondensed gas and condensed gas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bayah Natural Zeolites to Upgrade the Quality of Bio Crude Oil from Empty Fruit Bunch Pyrolysis

Irawan

Bindar

Kurniawan³

et al. 2021

J. Eng. Technol. Sci.

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Currently, the fuel oil for transportation and industry is produced mostly from fossil fuels. Because fossil fuels are a limited resource, biomass could be an alternative resource. Empty fruit bunch (EFB) is biomass waste from fresh fruit bunch processing in palm oil mills. EFB can be converted to bio-crude oil through pyrolysis at temperatures from 400 to 600 °C. The quality of bio-crude oil must be upgraded due to its high oxygen content. Esterification of bio-crude oil potentially improves the quality of bio-crude oil by using zeolite as catalyst. The purpose of this research was to investigate the properties of Bayah natural zeolites for upgrading the quality of bio-crude oil from EFB pyrolysis. Bayah natural zeolite was activated using various NaOH concentrations. Characterization of the natural zeolites was performed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), and nitrogen physisorption. The optimum ratio of Si/Al of the modified Bayah natural zeolites was 3.91. The surface area of the parent was initially 19 m2/g and increased significantly to 150 m2/g after treatment with 0.4 M NaOH solution. The application of the activated zeolites for bio-crude oil esterification successfully decreased the total acid number.

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The Effects of Holding Time and the Sweeping Nitrogen Gas Flowrates on the Pyrolysis of EFB using a Fixed–Bed Reactor

Cited by 56 publications

References 25 publications

Catalytic co‐pyrolysis of packaging plastic and wood waste to achieve H ₂ rich syngas

Catalytic co‐pyrolysis of packaging plastic and wood waste to achieve H ₂ rich syngas

Characteristic, Thermochemical Behaviors and Kinetic of Demineralized and Torrefied Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB)

Bayah Natural Zeolites to Upgrade the Quality of Bio Crude Oil from Empty Fruit Bunch Pyrolysis

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The Effects of Holding Time and the Sweeping Nitrogen Gas Flowrates on the Pyrolysis of EFB using a Fixed–Bed Reactor

Cited by 56 publications

References 25 publications

Catalytic co‐pyrolysis of packaging plastic and wood waste to achieve H 2 rich syngas

Catalytic co‐pyrolysis of packaging plastic and wood waste to achieve H 2 rich syngas

Characteristic, Thermochemical Behaviors and Kinetic of Demineralized and Torrefied Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB)

Bayah Natural Zeolites to Upgrade the Quality of Bio Crude Oil from Empty Fruit Bunch Pyrolysis

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Product

Resources

About

Catalytic co‐pyrolysis of packaging plastic and wood waste to achieve H ₂ rich syngas

Catalytic co‐pyrolysis of packaging plastic and wood waste to achieve H ₂ rich syngas