A B S T R A C TFallen coconut leaves (CLs) are agricultural wastes largely available in Malaysia. In this study, we utilized CLs as a low-cost adsorbent for adsorptive removal of methylene blue (MB), a cationic dye from aqueous solution. Response surface methodology was employed to investigate the effects of operational parameters on MB removal efficiency. The investigated variables included adsorbent dosage (0.5-1.5 g/L), initial MB concentration (10-50 mg/L), initial solution pH (4-10), and agitation time (5-45 min). The analysis of variance was incorporated to test the adequacy of the model. The highest MB removal efficiency was achieved by simultaneous interactions between adsorbent dosage with pH, adsorbent dosage with agitation time, and pH with agitation time. Other simultaneous interactions showed lower effects. The optimum adsorbent dosage, initial MB concentration, initial solution pH, and agitation time were 1.26 g/L, 19.01 mg/L, 8.65, and 5.00 min, respectively. Under optimal conditions, high removal efficiency for MB was observed as 86.38%, and the equilibrium adsorption isotherms and kinetics were investigated. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin models of adsorption were used to analyze the experimental data. Pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models were also employed to analyze the kinetic data obtained at different MB initial concentrations. The adsorption kinetics closely followed the pseudo-secondorder model. Based on the Langmuir model, the maximum adsorption capacity of MB on the CL surface was 112.35 mg/g at 27 ± 2˚C.

In this study, coconut leaves were used as a starting material for the production of activated carbon by thermal carbonization using FeCl 3 -activation method. Dalam kajian ini, daun kelapa telah dipilih sebagai bahan pemula bagi penghasilan karbon teraktif melalui penkarbonan haba dengan menggunakan FeCl 3 sebagai agen pengaktif. Pencirian karbon teraktif (FAC) dianalisis dengan menggunakan mikroskop elektron imbasan (SEM), transformasi Fourier inframerah (FTIR) dan analisis elemen (CHNS-O). Beberapa parameter yang mempengaruhi penyahwarnaan metilena biru pada suhu 303 K seperti dos bahan penjerap (0.02-0.25 g), pH awal (3-11), kepekatan (30-350 mg/L) dan masa (0-180 min) telah dikaji dan dioptimumkan dengan menggunakan

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